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1 million or more vs 20,000 to 49,999

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 454 km apart · 1 million or more profile · 20,000 to 49,999 profile

1 million or more 20,000 to 49,999

1 million or more and 20,000 to 49,999 are far apart and differ sharply in their demographics. Residents are far older in 20,000 to 49,999, where the typical age is 45 compared to 36 in 1 million or more. This is consistent with the share of people aged 65 and over, which is far higher in 20,000 to 49,999 at 24.6% against 14.1%. Educational and income gaps are also large; 28.3% of adults in 1 million or more hold a bachelor degree or higher, compared to 12.4% in 20,000 to 49,999. Typical weekly household income is also well higher in 1 million or more at $1,885, while 20,000 to 49,999 sits at $1,213.

Everyday life shares some common ground, as both areas have similar rates of volunteering and a similar share of people in de facto relationships. However, many gaps have widened since 2011, particularly in incomes and age. The difference in working patterns has also grown, with people working from home far higher in 1 million or more. This area also offers much better walkability, with far more homes within a 15-minute walk of schools, groceries and public transport.

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Where they differ most

Population: 2,189,427 larger in 1 million or more Year 12: 22.3 pts higher in 1 million or more Family income: $710 higher in 1 million or more Household size: 0.3 larger in 1 million or more Bachelor+: 16.0 pts higher in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2,189,427 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2,287,896 92nd pct 98,469 58th pct
Median age in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +9 yrs older in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
36 yrs 14th pct 45 yrs 71st pct
First Nations in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.5 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
2.9% 29th pct 5.4% 46th pct
Aged 65+ in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +10.5 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
14.1% 27th pct 24.6% 85th pct
Under 15 in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
19.2% 74th pct 17.0% 40th pct
De facto in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
12.6% 43rd pct 12.3% 27th pct

Age structure

29.8% Young adults (25–44) ◂ +8.1 pts 21.8%
23.5% Older adults (45–64) +2.5 pts ▸ 26.0%
14.1% Seniors (65+) +10.5 pts ▸ 24.6%
19.2% Children (0–14) ◂ +2.2 pts 17.0%
13.4% Youth (15–24) ◂ +2.8 pts 10.6%

Marital status

44.4% Married ◂ +0.4 pts 44.0%
39.3% Never married ◂ +6.7 pts 32.6%
8.8% Divorced +3.2 pts ▸ 12.0%
4.2% Widowed +2.7 pts ▸ 6.9%
3.4% Separated +1.2 pts ▸ 4.5%

Age & sex structure

1 million or more 20,000 to 49,999

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +12.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
28.3% 88th pct 15.5% 58th pct

Country of birth

67.3% Australia +11.1 pts ▸ 78.5%
4.5% New Zealand ◂ +1.2 pts 3.3%
3.7% England +0.3 pts ▸ 4.0%
2.2% India ◂ +1.6 pts 0.6%
1.8% China ◂ +1.6 pts 0.2%
1.2% Philippines +0.1 pts ▸ 1.2%
1.1% South Africa ◂ +0.3 pts 0.8%
0.9% Vietnam ◂ +0.8 pts 0.1%
0.3% Nepal ◂ +0.2 pts 0.1%
0.3% Italy ◂ +0.1 pts 0.1%

Ancestry

35.7% English +7.8 pts ▸ 43.6%
30.9% Australian +7.8 pts ▸ 38.7%
11.1% Irish +0.1 pts ▸ 11.2%
10.0% Scottish +1.0 pts ▸ 11.0%
5.5% German +1.8 pts ▸ 7.3%
5.0% Chinese ◂ +4.2 pts 0.9%
2.9% Indian ◂ +2.2 pts 0.8%
2.8% Italian ◂ +0.9 pts 1.9%
1.7% Filipino ◂ +0.1 pts 1.6%
1.6% Dutch even 1.6%
1.2% Vietnamese ◂ +1.1 pts 0.1%
0.8% Greek ◂ +0.5 pts 0.4%

Language

Other language in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +13.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
19.1% 79th pct 5.3% 26th pct
Limited English in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
2.7% 83rd pct 0.5% 21st pct

Language used at home

76.1% English only +12.9 pts ▸ 89.0%
2.8% Mandarin ◂ +2.6 pts 0.2%
1.1% Vietnamese ◂ +1.0 pts 0.1%
1.0% Punjabi ◂ +0.8 pts 0.2%
0.9% Cantonese ◂ +0.8 pts 0.1%
0.7% Hindi ◂ +0.6 pts 0.1%
0.5% Arabic ◂ +0.4 pts 0.1%
0.5% Tagalog even 0.5%
0.4% Italian ◂ +0.3 pts 0.1%
0.3% Greek ◂ +0.2 pts 0.1%

Religion

No religion in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.8 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
41.8% 48th pct 43.7% 55th pct

Religious affiliation

44.1% Christianity +2.2 pts ▸ 46.3%
41.8% No religion +1.8 pts ▸ 43.7%
6.5% Not stated +1.3 pts ▸ 7.8%
2.2% Hinduism ◂ +1.6 pts 0.6%
2.0% Islam ◂ +1.7 pts 0.4%
2.0% Buddhism ◂ +1.2 pts 0.8%
1.3% Other religions ◂ +0.8 pts 0.5%
0.1% Judaism ◂ +0.1 pts 0.0%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +22.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
65.7% 96th pct 43.4% 52nd pct
Bachelor+ in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +16.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
28.3% 93rd pct 12.4% 27th pct

Highest year of school

65.7% Year 12 ◂ +22.3 pts 43.4%
16.4% Year 10 +12.6 pts ▸ 29.0%
6.9% Year 9 or below +5.2 pts ▸ 12.1%
5.5% Year 11 +2.7 pts ▸ 8.1%

Highest qualification level

25.4% Certificate III / IV +15.2 pts ▸ 40.6%
29.2% Bachelor degree ◂ +13.5 pts 15.7%
15.2% Advanced diploma / diploma ◂ +0.7 pts 14.5%
10.3% Postgraduate degree ◂ +6.9 pts 3.5%
4.2% Graduate diploma / certificate ◂ +1.6 pts 2.6%
2.0% Certificate I / II +1.4 pts ▸ 3.4%

Field of qualification

21.1% Management & commerce ◂ +5.7 pts 15.4%
13.5% Engineering & related +5.7 pts ▸ 19.2%
12.9% Society & culture ◂ +1.8 pts 11.1%
11.0% Health ◂ +1.5 pts 9.4%
7.4% Education +0.9 pts ▸ 8.3%
4.9% Food, hospitality & personal services +1.4 pts ▸ 6.3%
5.2% Architecture & building +0.8 pts ▸ 6.0%
4.1% Creative arts ◂ +2.0 pts 2.2%
3.6% Information technology ◂ +2.2 pts 1.4%
3.1% Natural & physical sciences ◂ +1.5 pts 1.6%
1.3% Agriculture & environment +0.6 pts ▸ 1.9%

Income

Personal income in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$245 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$860 75th pct $615 23rd pct
Household income in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$672 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$1,885 80th pct $1,213 18th pct
Family income in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$710 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,214 84th pct $1,504 16th pct
High earners in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +5.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
13.2% 83rd pct 7.6% 41st pct
High-income homes in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +12.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
24.4% 83rd pct 11.8% 24th pct

Household income distribution

24.7% $650–$1,499 +8.5 pts ▸ 33.2%
31.5% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +6.4 pts 25.1%
13.1% Under $650 +8.9 pts ▸ 22.0%
13.2% $4,000 or more ◂ +8.0 pts 5.2%
11.2% $3,000–$3,999 ◂ +4.5 pts 6.6%

Personal income distribution

37.4% Under $650 +11.0 pts ▸ 48.4%
32.3% $650–$1,499 ◂ +3.6 pts 28.7%
19.2% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +6.2 pts 13.0%
5.0% $3,000 or more ◂ +2.7 pts 2.3%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +8.8 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
28.0% 39th pct 36.8% 98th pct
Mental health in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.3 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
10.1% 56th pct 12.3% 87th pct
Needs assistance in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.6 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
5.6% 44th pct 9.2% 100th pct

Long-term health conditions reported

7.6% Arthritis +5.8 pts ▸ 13.4%
10.1% Mental health +2.3 pts ▸ 12.3%
8.8% Other condition +1.6 pts ▸ 10.3%
8.8% Asthma +1.2 pts ▸ 10.0%
4.3% Diabetes +1.9 pts ▸ 6.3%
3.7% Heart disease +2.4 pts ▸ 6.1%
2.8% Cancer +1.5 pts ▸ 4.3%
1.7% Lung condition +1.8 pts ▸ 3.6%
0.8% Stroke +0.6 pts ▸ 1.4%
0.7% Dementia +0.5 pts ▸ 1.1%

Number of long-term health conditions

64.8% None ◂ +10.2 pts 54.6%
19.2% One condition +3.3 pts ▸ 22.5%
5.9% Two conditions +2.9 pts ▸ 8.7%
3.0% Three or more +2.7 pts ▸ 5.6%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.8 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
13.8% 30th pct 14.6% 38th pct
Unpaid carers in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.7 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
11.3% 36th pct 13.0% 63rd pct
Unpaid child care in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
28.0% 83rd pct 23.6% 28th pct
Defence service in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.0 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
3.6% 58th pct 4.7% 87th pct
Housework 15h+ in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.0 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
19.7% 33rd pct 22.8% 67th pct

Family & Households

Household size in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.3 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2.6 81st pct 2.3 14th pct
One-parent in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.5 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
15.0% 41st pct 18.6% 86th pct
Living alone in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +6.6 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
23.9% 22nd pct 30.5% 70th pct

Family composition

58.6% Couples with children ◂ +12.1 pts 46.4%
25.1% Couples without children +8.9 pts ▸ 33.9%
15.0% One-parent families +3.5 pts ▸ 18.6%
1.3% Other families ◂ +0.3 pts 1.1%

Household size

33.0% 2 people +5.4 pts ▸ 38.4%
23.9% 1 person +6.6 pts ▸ 30.5%
17.0% 3 people ◂ +4.0 pts 13.0%
16.2% 4 people ◂ +5.3 pts 10.9%
6.5% 5 people ◂ +1.8 pts 4.8%
3.5% 6 or more ◂ +1.0 pts 2.5%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$100 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$380 90th pct $280 48th pct
Mortgage in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$389 higher in 1 million or more gap steady
$1,889 83rd pct $1,500 43rd pct
People / bedroom in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.10 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
0.80 43rd pct 0.70 0th pct
Renting in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
36.6% 82nd pct 32.2% 69th pct
Owned outright in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +9.7 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
24.8% 13th pct 34.5% 57th pct
Separate houses in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +8.0 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
71.4% 13th pct 79.5% 26th pct
3+ bedrooms in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
76.6% 47th pct 75.1% 38th pct

How homes are owned or rented

36.6% Rented ◂ +4.4 pts 32.2%
35.8% Owned with a mortgage ◂ +6.3 pts 29.5%
24.8% Owned outright +9.7 pts ▸ 34.5%
1.5% Other tenure +0.5 pts ▸ 2.0%
1.3% Not stated +0.4 pts ▸ 1.7%

Types of homes

71.4% Separate house +8.0 pts ▸ 79.5%
16.0% Flat or apartment ◂ +8.8 pts 7.2%
12.0% Townhouse / semi-detached ◂ +0.1 pts 12.0%
0.3% Other dwelling +0.8 pts ▸ 1.1%

Bedrooms per home

36.3% 3 bedrooms +6.0 pts ▸ 42.4%
31.3% 4 bedrooms ◂ +3.5 pts 27.8%
16.5% 2 bedrooms +2.1 pts ▸ 18.6%
9.0% 5 or more ◂ +4.1 pts 4.9%
5.2% 1 bedroom ◂ +1.0 pts 4.1%
0.4% Studio / none even 0.4%

Weekly rent distribution

52.3% $350–$549 ◂ +26.2 pts 26.1%
25.7% $200–$349 +23.5 pts ▸ 49.2%
8.2% Under $200 +10.8 pts ▸ 19.0%
8.6% $550–$749 ◂ +6.7 pts 1.9%
2.4% $750 or more ◂ +2.1 pts 0.3%

Monthly mortgage distribution

31.3% $1,000–$1,799 +9.0 pts ▸ 40.3%
35.1% $1,800–$2,999 ◂ +10.1 pts 25.1%
12.8% Under $1,000 +10.3 pts ▸ 23.1%
15.5% $3,000 or more ◂ +9.5 pts 5.9%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.4 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
6.7% 69th pct 7.2% 75th pct
Work from home in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +10.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
17.7% 88th pct 7.0% 38th pct
PT commute in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
5.0% 88th pct 0.8% 31st pct

How people get to work

54.5% Car (driver) +13.0 pts ▸ 67.5%
17.7% Worked at home ◂ +10.7 pts 7.0%
4.1% Car (passenger) +1.2 pts ▸ 5.3%
2.7% Bus ◂ +2.1 pts 0.5%
2.2% Walked +0.1 pts ▸ 2.3%
2.2% Train ◂ +2.0 pts 0.1%
0.8% Bicycle ◂ +0.1 pts 0.6%

Motor vehicles per home

37.0% 1 vehicle +3.5 pts ▸ 40.5%
37.8% 2 vehicles ◂ +2.5 pts 35.4%
12.1% 3 vehicles ◂ +0.6 pts 11.4%
6.7% No vehicle +0.4 pts ▸ 7.2%
6.4% 4 or more ◂ +0.8 pts 5.5%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
46.8% 85th pct 44.5% 78th pct
Recent arrivals in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +6.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
14.4% 63rd pct 8.2% 28th pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.3 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
5.5% 61st pct 7.8% 84th pct
Participation in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +14.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
65.5% 91st pct 51.3% 28th pct
Full-time in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
60.1% 71st pct 56.6% 43rd pct

Industries people work in

15.6% Health care & social assistance ◂ +0.1 pts 15.4%
9.0% Retail trade +1.6 pts ▸ 10.6%
8.2% Construction +1.8 pts ▸ 10.0%
6.0% Manufacturing +3.6 pts ▸ 9.6%
9.0% Education & training ◂ +0.7 pts 8.4%
8.8% Professional & technical ◂ +5.1 pts 3.7%
6.5% Accommodation & food +0.9 pts ▸ 7.5%
6.7% Public administration & safety ◂ +1.7 pts 5.1%
5.3% Transport & warehousing +0.7 pts ▸ 6.0%
3.7% Other services +0.4 pts ▸ 4.2%
3.4% Administrative & support +0.2 pts ▸ 3.6%
3.4% Finance & insurance ◂ +2.2 pts 1.2%

Occupations people work in

25.5% Professionals ◂ +10.3 pts 15.2%
12.0% Technicians & trades +5.1 pts ▸ 17.1%
11.6% Community & personal service +2.2 pts ▸ 13.8%
13.6% Clerical & administrative ◂ +2.1 pts 11.5%
8.7% Labourers +4.4 pts ▸ 13.1%
12.5% Managers ◂ +3.7 pts 8.8%
8.2% Sales workers +1.4 pts ▸ 9.6%
6.1% Machinery operators & drivers +2.7 pts ▸ 8.8%

Walkability

Walk score in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.5 higher in 1 million or more
6.6 92nd pct 5.0 62nd pct
Types ≤15 min in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.2 more in 1 million or more
6.2 92nd pct 5.0 59th pct
15-min city in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +20.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
77.6% 93rd pct 56.9% 54th pct
Walk to shops in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +18.2 pts higher in 1 million or more
77.6% 93rd pct 59.5% 60th pct
Walk to transit in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +23.1 pts higher in 1 million or more
88.8% 80th pct 65.7% 56th pct
Walk to school in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +26.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
82.2% 93rd pct 56.2% 39th pct
Walk to a park in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
97.3% 86th pct 95.3% 78th pct
Walk to health in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +13.9 pts higher in 1 million or more
62.8% 91st pct 48.8% 71st pct
Amenities/1k in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.3 more in 1 million or more
13.7 23rd pct 12.4 13th pct
Intersections/km² in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +67 higher in 1 million or more
119 88th pct 51 62nd pct
Mean slope in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.3 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
5.9% 67th pct 6.2% 73rd pct

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

250,000 to 999,999 10,000 to 19,999 10,000 to 19,999 5,000 to 9,999 20,000 to 49,999 5,000 to 9,999 50,000 to 99,999 500 or more 500 or more 50,000 to 99,999 499 or less 250,000 to 999,999

Compare 20,000 to 49,999 with nearby areas

5,000 to 9,999 50,000 to 99,999 500 or more 10,000 to 19,999 1 million or more 250,000 to 999,999 100,000 to 249,999 Remainder of State/Territory 4,999 or less 5,000 to 9,999 10,000 to 19,999 50,000 to 99,999

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 1 million or more vs 20,000 to 49,999 [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR301/1-million-or-more/vs/SOSR312/20-000-to-49-999