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1 million or more vs 4,999 or less

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 385 km apart · 1 million or more profile · 4,999 or less profile

1 million or more 4,999 or less

1 million or more and 4,999 or less are two very different places located about 385 km apart. 1 million or more is a diverse and highly educated hub, where 36.9% of people were born overseas and 33.8% of adults hold a bachelor degree or higher. In contrast, 4,999 or less is much older and more traditional, with a typical resident aged 45 compared to 37 in 1 million or more. Wealth and housing also differ sharply; the typical weekly household income in 1 million or more is $1,906, while it is $1,163 in 4,999 or less, where 91.2% of homes are separate houses.

Many of the gaps between these two areas have widened since 2011, particularly regarding age, income, and cultural diversity. Despite these growing divides, they share similar family structures, with about 17% of their populations being children under 15. They also have almost identical unemployment rates, which sit between 5.4% and 5.7%.

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Where they differ most

Born overseas: 25.5 pts higher in 1 million or more Other language: 31.9 pts higher in 1 million or more Year 12: 31.7 pts higher in 1 million or more Separate houses: 25.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less Population: 4,520,660 larger in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +4,520,660 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
4,585,537 100th pct 64,877 50th pct
Median age in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +8 yrs older in 4,999 or less gap widening
37 yrs 19th pct 45 yrs 71st pct
First Nations in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +5.8 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
0.6% 2nd pct 6.4% 53rd pct
Aged 65+ in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +10.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
15.0% 31st pct 25.4% 88th pct
Under 15 in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
17.9% 54th pct 17.0% 40th pct
De facto in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +3.0 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
10.6% 6th pct 13.6% 69th pct

Age structure

31.3% Young adults (25–44) ◂ +9.0 pts 22.3%
15.0% Seniors (65+) +10.4 pts ▸ 25.4%
23.4% Older adults (45–64) +1.9 pts ▸ 25.3%
17.9% Children (0–14) ◂ +0.9 pts 17.0%
12.3% Youth (15–24) ◂ +2.4 pts 9.9%

Marital status

46.8% Married ◂ +1.5 pts 45.3%
38.2% Never married ◂ +6.2 pts 32.1%
7.6% Divorced +3.5 pts ▸ 11.1%
4.5% Widowed +3.2 pts ▸ 7.8%
2.8% Separated +1.0 pts ▸ 3.8%

Age & sex structure

1 million or more 4,999 or less

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +25.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
36.9% 98th pct 11.4% 28th pct

Country of birth

58.8% Australia +23.8 pts ▸ 82.6%
5.1% India ◂ +4.7 pts 0.4%
2.7% England +1.4 pts ▸ 4.1%
3.6% China ◂ +3.4 pts 0.3%
2.0% Vietnam ◂ +1.9 pts 0.0%
1.7% New Zealand ◂ +0.5 pts 1.2%
1.2% Italy ◂ +1.1 pts 0.1%
1.2% Philippines ◂ +0.8 pts 0.4%
0.6% South Africa ◂ +0.2 pts 0.3%
0.4% Nepal even 0.4%

Ancestry

24.8% English +21.2 pts ▸ 46.0%
22.5% Australian +21.3 pts ▸ 43.8%
8.2% Irish +1.7 pts ▸ 9.8%
6.9% Scottish +2.2 pts ▸ 9.1%
8.8% Chinese ◂ +8.2 pts 0.7%
6.7% Italian ◂ +5.4 pts 1.3%
5.5% Indian ◂ +5.1 pts 0.4%
3.6% Greek ◂ +3.4 pts 0.2%
2.8% German +0.6 pts ▸ 3.4%
2.5% Vietnamese ◂ +2.5 pts 0.0%
1.4% Dutch +1.0 pts ▸ 2.4%
1.7% Filipino ◂ +1.2 pts 0.5%

Language

Other language in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +31.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
35.6% 90th pct 3.7% 10th pct
Limited English in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +5.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
5.7% 91st pct 0.3% 10th pct

Language used at home

59.6% English only +31.4 pts ▸ 91.0%
4.6% Mandarin ◂ +4.3 pts 0.3%
2.5% Vietnamese ◂ +2.5 pts 0.0%
2.2% Greek ◂ +2.2 pts 0.1%
2.0% Punjabi ◂ +1.8 pts 0.1%
1.9% Arabic ◂ +1.8 pts 0.1%
1.8% Italian ◂ +1.7 pts 0.1%
1.7% Cantonese ◂ +1.7 pts 0.1%
1.4% Hindi ◂ +1.3 pts 0.1%
0.5% Tagalog ◂ +0.4 pts 0.1%

Religion

No religion in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +11.9 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
36.9% 25th pct 48.8% 82nd pct

Religious affiliation

36.9% No religion +11.9 pts ▸ 48.8%
40.0% Christianity +2.0 pts ▸ 42.0%
6.1% Not stated +1.1 pts ▸ 7.2%
5.5% Islam ◂ +5.1 pts 0.4%
4.3% Hinduism ◂ +3.7 pts 0.6%
4.1% Buddhism ◂ +3.5 pts 0.5%
2.1% Other religions ◂ +1.6 pts 0.5%
1.0% Judaism ◂ +1.0 pts 0.0%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +31.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
67.9% 99th pct 36.2% 24th pct
Bachelor+ in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +20.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
33.8% 99th pct 13.3% 37th pct

Highest year of school

67.9% Year 12 ◂ +31.7 pts 36.2%
9.1% Year 10 +25.6 pts ▸ 34.7%
9.2% Year 9 or below +3.8 pts ▸ 13.0%
8.3% Year 11 +0.8 pts ▸ 9.0%

Highest qualification level

18.3% Certificate III / IV +20.6 pts ▸ 38.9%
33.2% Bachelor degree ◂ +16.5 pts 16.6%
15.2% Advanced diploma / diploma ◂ +1.8 pts 13.5%
14.1% Postgraduate degree ◂ +9.2 pts 4.9%
4.6% Graduate diploma / certificate ◂ +1.9 pts 2.8%
1.2% Certificate I / II +2.2 pts ▸ 3.4%

Field of qualification

21.3% Management & commerce ◂ +6.2 pts 15.0%
12.2% Engineering & related +2.8 pts ▸ 14.9%
12.5% Society & culture ◂ +0.4 pts 12.1%
9.8% Health +0.5 pts ▸ 10.3%
7.3% Education +1.0 pts ▸ 8.3%
4.5% Food, hospitality & personal services +2.3 pts ▸ 6.7%
5.1% Architecture & building +1.4 pts ▸ 6.5%
5.4% Information technology ◂ +3.5 pts 1.8%
5.0% Creative arts ◂ +2.6 pts 2.4%
3.9% Natural & physical sciences ◂ +1.9 pts 2.0%
1.1% Agriculture & environment +1.9 pts ▸ 3.0%

Income

Personal income in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$221 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$844 74th pct $623 24th pct
Household income in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$743 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$1,906 81st pct $1,163 10th pct
Family income in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$754 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,255 86th pct $1,501 16th pct
High earners in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +8.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
13.9% 86th pct 5.2% 15th pct
High-income homes in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +16.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
25.6% 86th pct 9.2% 10th pct

Household income distribution

23.8% $650–$1,499 +10.2 pts ▸ 34.0%
30.8% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +4.5 pts 26.3%
14.1% Under $650 +9.4 pts ▸ 23.4%
14.4% $4,000 or more ◂ +11.0 pts 3.5%
11.2% $3,000–$3,999 ◂ +5.5 pts 5.7%

Personal income distribution

38.7% Under $650 +9.6 pts ▸ 48.3%
30.5% $650–$1,499 +1.6 pts ▸ 32.0%
19.0% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +7.3 pts 11.6%
5.7% $3,000 or more ◂ +4.3 pts 1.4%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +11.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less
25.3% 27th pct 37.0% 99th pct
Mental health in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +3.8 pts higher in 4,999 or less
8.0% 29th pct 11.8% 85th pct
Needs assistance in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
5.5% 44th pct 8.3% 95th pct

Long-term health conditions reported

6.8% Arthritis +7.8 pts ▸ 14.7%
8.0% Mental health +3.8 pts ▸ 11.8%
7.7% Asthma +2.5 pts ▸ 10.2%
7.7% Other condition +1.8 pts ▸ 9.5%
4.5% Diabetes +1.8 pts ▸ 6.2%
3.3% Heart disease +2.2 pts ▸ 5.5%
2.5% Cancer +1.3 pts ▸ 3.8%
1.2% Lung condition +2.2 pts ▸ 3.3%
0.8% Stroke +0.7 pts ▸ 1.5%
0.7% Dementia +0.2 pts ▸ 0.9%

Number of long-term health conditions

67.8% None ◂ +12.9 pts 54.9%
17.8% One condition +5.0 pts ▸ 22.8%
5.1% Two conditions +3.8 pts ▸ 8.9%
2.4% Three or more +2.9 pts ▸ 5.3%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +5.0 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
12.0% 22nd pct 17.1% 61st pct
Unpaid carers in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.9 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
12.5% 51st pct 13.4% 76th pct
Unpaid child care in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
26.3% 69th pct 25.3% 53rd pct
Defence service in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.8 pts higher in 4,999 or less
1.5% 5th pct 4.3% 80th pct
Housework 15h+ in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +4.3 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
18.8% 28th pct 23.1% 71st pct

Family & Households

Household size in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.3 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2.6 81st pct 2.3 14th pct
One-parent in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +3.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
12.9% 20th pct 16.5% 57th pct
Living alone in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +6.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
25.1% 28th pct 31.2% 85th pct

Family composition

62.0% Couples with children ◂ +14.1 pts 47.9%
23.8% Couples without children +10.8 pts ▸ 34.7%
12.9% One-parent families +3.6 pts ▸ 16.5%
1.3% Other families ◂ +0.4 pts 0.9%

Household size

31.2% 2 people +6.8 pts ▸ 38.0%
25.1% 1 person +6.1 pts ▸ 31.2%
17.2% 4 people ◂ +6.2 pts 10.9%
16.9% 3 people ◂ +3.8 pts 13.1%
6.5% 5 people ◂ +1.8 pts 4.7%
3.1% 6 or more ◂ +1.0 pts 2.1%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$131 higher in 1 million or more gap steady
$391 92nd pct $260 36th pct
Mortgage in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$700 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,000 87th pct $1,300 14th pct
People / bedroom in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.10 higher in 1 million or more gap steady
0.90 86th pct 0.80 43rd pct
Renting in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +6.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
31.0% 60th pct 24.9% 31st pct
Owned outright in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +9.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
29.6% 29th pct 39.0% 71st pct
Separate houses in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +25.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
66.1% 9th pct 91.2% 64th pct
3+ bedrooms in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.2 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
71.1% 23rd pct 73.4% 29th pct

How homes are owned or rented

29.6% Owned outright +9.4 pts ▸ 39.0%
36.4% Owned with a mortgage ◂ +3.5 pts 32.9%
31.0% Rented ◂ +6.1 pts 24.9%
1.4% Not stated +0.5 pts ▸ 1.8%
1.7% Other tenure ◂ +0.3 pts 1.4%

Types of homes

66.1% Separate house +25.1 pts ▸ 91.2%
17.0% Townhouse / semi-detached ◂ +11.7 pts 5.2%
16.5% Flat or apartment ◂ +14.2 pts 2.3%
0.3% Other dwelling +0.7 pts ▸ 1.0%

Bedrooms per home

39.3% 3 bedrooms +14.5 pts ▸ 53.8%
26.2% 4 bedrooms ◂ +9.7 pts 16.5%
21.2% 2 bedrooms ◂ +0.1 pts 21.1%
6.1% 1 bedroom ◂ +2.7 pts 3.4%
5.6% 5 or more ◂ +2.5 pts 3.1%
0.4% Studio / none even 0.3%

Weekly rent distribution

23.2% $200–$349 +28.9 pts ▸ 52.0%
51.2% $350–$549 ◂ +31.3 pts 20.0%
7.0% Under $200 +16.7 pts ▸ 23.7%
10.3% $550–$749 ◂ +9.4 pts 0.9%
4.8% $750 or more ◂ +4.6 pts 0.2%

Monthly mortgage distribution

24.6% $1,000–$1,799 +22.7 pts ▸ 47.3%
34.9% $1,800–$2,999 ◂ +19.7 pts 15.3%
12.9% Under $1,000 +16.7 pts ▸ 29.7%
21.0% $3,000 or more ◂ +18.0 pts 3.0%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +3.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
9.0% 86th pct 5.0% 40th pct
Work from home in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +23.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
29.5% 100th pct 6.2% 30th pct
PT commute in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
3.7% 80th pct 0.9% 35th pct

How people get to work

45.7% Car (driver) +24.9 pts ▸ 70.6%
29.5% Worked at home ◂ +23.3 pts 6.2%
3.2% Car (passenger) +1.3 pts ▸ 4.5%
2.0% Walked +0.9 pts ▸ 2.9%
2.1% Train ◂ +2.1 pts 0.0%
0.6% Bus +0.2 pts ▸ 0.8%
0.8% Bicycle ◂ +0.5 pts 0.3%

Motor vehicles per home

38.0% 1 vehicle ◂ +0.6 pts 37.3%
36.7% 2 vehicles ◂ +0.3 pts 36.4%
10.7% 3 vehicles +2.8 pts ▸ 13.5%
9.0% No vehicle ◂ +3.9 pts 5.0%
5.6% 4 or more +2.1 pts ▸ 7.7%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
41.1% 65th pct 38.5% 45th pct
Recent arrivals in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +5.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
16.1% 70th pct 10.4% 43rd pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
5.4% 57th pct 5.7% 67th pct
Participation in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +11.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
64.2% 89th pct 53.0% 36th pct
Full-time in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +4.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
60.2% 71st pct 55.9% 38th pct

Industries people work in

13.6% Health care & social assistance +1.9 pts ▸ 15.5%
9.4% Retail trade +1.2 pts ▸ 10.6%
8.9% Construction +1.1 pts ▸ 10.0%
9.9% Professional & technical ◂ +6.3 pts 3.5%
8.8% Education & training ◂ +0.4 pts 8.4%
6.8% Manufacturing +1.8 pts ▸ 8.6%
6.2% Accommodation & food +0.7 pts ▸ 6.8%
5.4% Public administration & safety +0.5 pts ▸ 5.9%
4.8% Transport & warehousing +0.4 pts ▸ 5.2%
0.5% Agriculture, forestry & fishing +4.6 pts ▸ 5.1%
4.8% Finance & insurance ◂ +3.2 pts 1.6%
3.4% Other services +0.7 pts ▸ 4.1%

Occupations people work in

27.6% Professionals ◂ +12.7 pts 14.8%
11.7% Technicians & trades +3.8 pts ▸ 15.6%
10.4% Community & personal service +3.5 pts ▸ 13.9%
13.9% Managers ◂ +2.7 pts 11.2%
7.7% Labourers +5.4 pts ▸ 13.1%
12.8% Clerical & administrative ◂ +1.3 pts 11.5%
8.3% Sales workers +1.0 pts ▸ 9.3%
5.6% Machinery operators & drivers +3.0 pts ▸ 8.7%

Walkability

Walk score in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.2 higher in 1 million or more
7.4 100th pct 5.2 66th pct
Types ≤15 min in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.5 more in 1 million or more
6.9 100th pct 5.4 75th pct
15-min city in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +19.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
86.6% 100th pct 66.8% 81st pct
Walk to shops in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +20.1 pts higher in 1 million or more
85.7% 100th pct 65.6% 73rd pct
Walk to transit in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +20.4 pts higher in 1 million or more
93.8% 90th pct 73.3% 62nd pct
Walk to school in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +30.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
90.2% 100th pct 59.5% 46th pct
Walk to a park in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +10.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
98.9% 97th pct 88.9% 55th pct
Walk to health in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +27.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
76.9% 100th pct 49.8% 73rd pct
Amenities/1k in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.0 more in 4,999 or less
13.9 25th pct 14.9 33rd pct
Intersections/km² in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +210 higher in 1 million or more
244 100th pct 34 45th pct
Mean slope in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less
4.7% 38th pct 5.8% 64th pct

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

5,000 to 9,999 4,999 or less 500 or more 100,000 to 249,999 20,000 to 49,999 10,000 to 19,999 499 or less Remainder of State/Territory 50,000 to 99,999 20,000 to 49,999 10,000 to 19,999 4,999 or less

Compare 4,999 or less with nearby areas

10,000 to 19,999 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 Remainder of State/Territory 100,000 to 249,999 5,000 to 9,999 500 or more 499 or less 500 or more 1 million or more 5,000 to 9,999 4,999 or less

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 1 million or more vs 4,999 or less [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR201/1-million-or-more/vs/SOSR615/4-999-or-less