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1 million or more vs 20,000 to 49,999

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 167 km apart · 1 million or more profile · 20,000 to 49,999 profile

1 million or more 20,000 to 49,999

1 million or more and 20,000 to 49,999 are two very different environments. 1 million or more is far more multicultural, with 36.9% of people born overseas and 35.6% using another language at home, compared to 14.9% and 10.7% in 20,000 to 49,999. Educational levels are also much higher in 1 million or more, where 33.8% of adults hold a bachelor degree or higher, compared to 19.5% in 20,000 to 49,999. The two areas differ in housing too; separate houses are far more common in 20,000 to 49,999 (86.5%) than in 1 million or more (66.1%).

Everyday life shares several similarities across these two places. They both have roughly the same number of people per home, around 2.5 or 2.6, and the typical age is similar at 37 and 39. Both areas are also quite accessible, with over 90% of homes within a 10-minute walk of public transport. However, some gaps are widening. Since 2011, the difference in the number of people working from home has grown significantly, with 29.5% doing so in 1 million or more compared to 14.9% in 20,000 to 49,999.

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Where they differ most

Other language: 24.9 pts higher in 1 million or more Population: 4,320,997 larger in 1 million or more Born overseas: 22.1 pts higher in 1 million or more Separate houses: 20.4 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 Year 12: 18.1 pts higher in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4,320,997 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
4,585,537 100th pct 264,540 77th pct
Median age in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2 yrs older in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
37 yrs 19th pct 39 yrs 29th pct
First Nations in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.0 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
0.6% 2nd pct 2.6% 26th pct
Aged 65+ in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.1 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
15.0% 31st pct 19.1% 50th pct
Under 15 in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.2 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap narrowing
17.9% 54th pct 19.2% 73rd pct
De facto in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.7 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
10.6% 6th pct 12.3% 29th pct

Age structure

31.3% Young adults (25–44) ◂ +5.4 pts 25.9%
23.4% Older adults (45–64) +1.1 pts ▸ 24.5%
17.9% Children (0–14) +1.2 pts ▸ 19.2%
15.0% Seniors (65+) +4.1 pts ▸ 19.1%
12.3% Youth (15–24) ◂ +1.1 pts 11.2%

Marital status

46.8% Married ◂ +0.6 pts 46.3%
38.2% Never married ◂ +3.2 pts 35.0%
7.6% Divorced +1.7 pts ▸ 9.3%
4.5% Widowed +1.3 pts ▸ 5.8%
2.8% Separated +0.8 pts ▸ 3.6%

Age & sex structure

1 million or more 20,000 to 49,999

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +22.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
36.9% 98th pct 14.9% 55th pct

Country of birth

58.8% Australia +20.6 pts ▸ 79.4%
5.1% India ◂ +3.5 pts 1.6%
3.6% China ◂ +3.2 pts 0.4%
2.7% England ◂ +0.3 pts 2.4%
2.0% Vietnam ◂ +1.7 pts 0.3%
1.7% New Zealand ◂ +0.5 pts 1.1%
1.2% Italy ◂ +0.7 pts 0.6%
1.2% Philippines ◂ +0.5 pts 0.7%
0.6% South Africa ◂ +0.2 pts 0.3%
0.4% Nepal ◂ +0.3 pts 0.1%

Ancestry

24.8% English +13.8 pts ▸ 38.6%
22.5% Australian +14.5 pts ▸ 37.0%
8.2% Irish +4.6 pts ▸ 12.7%
6.9% Scottish +3.9 pts ▸ 10.8%
8.8% Chinese ◂ +7.4 pts 1.4%
6.7% Italian ◂ +1.4 pts 5.2%
5.5% Indian ◂ +3.9 pts 1.6%
2.8% German +1.3 pts ▸ 4.1%
3.6% Greek ◂ +2.7 pts 0.9%
2.5% Vietnamese ◂ +2.2 pts 0.3%
1.4% Dutch +0.5 pts ▸ 2.0%
1.7% Filipino ◂ +0.7 pts 1.0%

Language

Other language in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +24.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
35.6% 90th pct 10.7% 62nd pct
Limited English in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
5.7% 91st pct 1.9% 75th pct

Language used at home

59.6% English only +24.1 pts ▸ 83.7%
4.6% Mandarin ◂ +3.8 pts 0.8%
2.5% Vietnamese ◂ +2.2 pts 0.3%
2.2% Greek ◂ +1.9 pts 0.3%
2.0% Punjabi ◂ +0.9 pts 1.0%
1.9% Arabic ◂ +1.2 pts 0.7%
1.8% Italian ◂ +1.0 pts 0.8%
1.7% Cantonese ◂ +1.6 pts 0.2%
1.4% Hindi ◂ +1.1 pts 0.2%
0.5% Tagalog ◂ +0.2 pts 0.3%

Religion

No religion in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +6.5 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
36.9% 25th pct 43.4% 54th pct

Religious affiliation

40.0% Christianity +4.0 pts ▸ 44.0%
36.9% No religion +6.5 pts ▸ 43.4%
6.1% Not stated +0.9 pts ▸ 7.0%
5.5% Islam ◂ +3.3 pts 2.2%
4.3% Hinduism ◂ +3.4 pts 0.9%
4.1% Buddhism ◂ +3.0 pts 1.1%
2.1% Other religions ◂ +0.9 pts 1.2%
1.0% Judaism ◂ +0.9 pts 0.1%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +18.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
67.9% 99th pct 49.9% 77th pct
Bachelor+ in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +14.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
33.8% 99th pct 19.5% 78th pct

Highest year of school

67.9% Year 12 ◂ +18.1 pts 49.9%
9.1% Year 10 +7.1 pts ▸ 16.2%
8.3% Year 11 +6.3 pts ▸ 14.6%
9.2% Year 9 or below +3.0 pts ▸ 12.2%

Highest qualification level

33.2% Bachelor degree ◂ +11.1 pts 22.1%
18.3% Certificate III / IV +13.5 pts ▸ 31.8%
15.2% Advanced diploma / diploma +1.0 pts ▸ 16.3%
14.1% Postgraduate degree ◂ +8.0 pts 6.1%
4.6% Graduate diploma / certificate ◂ +0.1 pts 4.5%
1.2% Certificate I / II +0.7 pts ▸ 1.9%

Field of qualification

21.3% Management & commerce ◂ +6.1 pts 15.1%
12.2% Engineering & related +0.9 pts ▸ 13.0%
12.5% Society & culture ◂ +0.2 pts 12.3%
9.8% Health +2.5 pts ▸ 12.3%
7.3% Education +3.1 pts ▸ 10.4%
5.1% Architecture & building +1.3 pts ▸ 6.4%
4.5% Food, hospitality & personal services +1.3 pts ▸ 5.7%
5.4% Information technology ◂ +3.6 pts 1.7%
5.0% Creative arts ◂ +2.1 pts 2.9%
3.9% Natural & physical sciences ◂ +1.7 pts 2.2%
1.1% Agriculture & environment +1.3 pts ▸ 2.4%

Income

Personal income in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$71 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$844 74th pct $773 68th pct
Household income in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$347 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$1,906 81st pct $1,559 61st pct
Family income in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$264 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$2,255 86th pct $1,991 72nd pct
High earners in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
13.9% 86th pct 9.7% 64th pct
High-income homes in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +7.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
25.6% 86th pct 18.0% 69th pct

Household income distribution

30.8% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +0.8 pts 29.9%
23.8% $650–$1,499 +4.5 pts ▸ 28.2%
14.1% Under $650 +2.9 pts ▸ 17.0%
14.4% $4,000 or more ◂ +5.8 pts 8.6%
11.2% $3,000–$3,999 ◂ +1.8 pts 9.4%

Personal income distribution

38.7% Under $650 +1.2 pts ▸ 39.9%
30.5% $650–$1,499 +2.4 pts ▸ 32.9%
19.0% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +2.5 pts 16.5%
5.7% $3,000 or more ◂ +2.4 pts 3.3%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +6.4 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
25.3% 27th pct 31.7% 58th pct
Mental health in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.5 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
8.0% 29th pct 10.5% 64th pct
Needs assistance in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.2 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
5.5% 44th pct 6.7% 64th pct

Long-term health conditions reported

8.0% Mental health +2.5 pts ▸ 10.5%
7.7% Asthma +2.4 pts ▸ 10.1%
6.8% Arthritis +3.1 pts ▸ 9.9%
7.7% Other condition +0.7 pts ▸ 8.5%
4.5% Diabetes +0.5 pts ▸ 5.0%
3.3% Heart disease +1.2 pts ▸ 4.5%
2.5% Cancer +0.8 pts ▸ 3.2%
1.2% Lung condition +0.9 pts ▸ 2.1%
0.8% Stroke +0.3 pts ▸ 1.1%
0.7% Dementia +0.1 pts ▸ 0.8%

Number of long-term health conditions

67.8% None ◂ +8.0 pts 59.8%
17.8% One condition +3.1 pts ▸ 20.9%
5.1% Two conditions +1.9 pts ▸ 6.9%
2.4% Three or more +1.4 pts ▸ 3.8%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.2 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
12.0% 22nd pct 14.3% 35th pct
Unpaid carers in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.1 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
12.5% 51st pct 13.6% 86th pct
Unpaid child care in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.7 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap narrowing
26.3% 69th pct 27.9% 83rd pct
Defence service in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.0 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999
1.5% 5th pct 2.5% 15th pct
Housework 15h+ in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.5 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
18.8% 28th pct 21.3% 49th pct

Family & Households

Household size in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.1 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2.6 81st pct 2.5 57th pct
One-parent in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.0 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap narrowing
12.9% 20th pct 15.8% 50th pct
Living alone in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.3 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
25.1% 28th pct 27.4% 44th pct

Family composition

62.0% Couples with children ◂ +6.1 pts 55.9%
23.8% Couples without children +3.5 pts ▸ 27.3%
12.9% One-parent families +3.0 pts ▸ 15.8%
1.3% Other families ◂ +0.3 pts 1.0%

Household size

31.2% 2 people +3.0 pts ▸ 34.2%
25.1% 1 person +2.3 pts ▸ 27.4%
17.2% 4 people ◂ +2.4 pts 14.8%
16.9% 3 people ◂ +2.1 pts 14.9%
6.5% 5 people ◂ +0.3 pts 6.2%
3.1% 6 or more ◂ +0.6 pts 2.6%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$91 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$391 92nd pct $300 57th pct
Mortgage in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +$483 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,000 87th pct $1,517 56th pct
People / bedroom in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.10 higher in 1 million or more gap steady
0.90 86th pct 0.80 43rd pct
Renting in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
31.0% 60th pct 27.0% 38th pct
Owned outright in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.6 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap narrowing
29.6% 29th pct 33.2% 47th pct
Separate houses in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +20.4 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap widening
66.1% 9th pct 86.5% 43rd pct
3+ bedrooms in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +10.2 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap steady
71.1% 23rd pct 81.3% 80th pct

How homes are owned or rented

36.4% Owned with a mortgage even 36.4%
29.6% Owned outright +3.6 pts ▸ 33.2%
31.0% Rented ◂ +4.0 pts 27.0%
1.7% Other tenure +0.1 pts ▸ 1.8%
1.4% Not stated +0.3 pts ▸ 1.7%

Types of homes

66.1% Separate house +20.4 pts ▸ 86.5%
17.0% Townhouse / semi-detached ◂ +8.2 pts 8.8%
16.5% Flat or apartment ◂ +12.6 pts 4.0%
0.3% Other dwelling +0.3 pts ▸ 0.6%

Bedrooms per home

39.3% 3 bedrooms +7.7 pts ▸ 47.0%
26.2% 4 bedrooms +3.7 pts ▸ 29.9%
21.2% 2 bedrooms ◂ +6.6 pts 14.6%
6.1% 1 bedroom ◂ +3.7 pts 2.4%
5.6% 5 or more ◂ +1.3 pts 4.3%
0.4% Studio / none ◂ +0.2 pts 0.2%

Weekly rent distribution

51.2% $350–$549 ◂ +19.8 pts 31.4%
23.2% $200–$349 +21.9 pts ▸ 45.1%
7.0% Under $200 +8.7 pts ▸ 15.8%
10.3% $550–$749 ◂ +7.0 pts 3.2%
4.8% $750 or more ◂ +4.0 pts 0.8%

Monthly mortgage distribution

24.6% $1,000–$1,799 +15.2 pts ▸ 39.8%
34.9% $1,800–$2,999 ◂ +8.7 pts 26.2%
21.0% $3,000 or more ◂ +12.5 pts 8.5%
12.9% Under $1,000 +6.5 pts ▸ 19.4%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
9.0% 86th pct 5.1% 42nd pct
Work from home in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +14.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
29.5% 100th pct 14.9% 81st pct
PT commute in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
3.7% 80th pct 0.8% 31st pct

How people get to work

45.7% Car (driver) +17.0 pts ▸ 62.7%
29.5% Worked at home ◂ +14.6 pts 14.9%
3.2% Car (passenger) +2.0 pts ▸ 5.2%
2.0% Walked +0.3 pts ▸ 2.3%
2.1% Train ◂ +1.7 pts 0.4%
0.8% Bicycle ◂ +0.2 pts 0.6%
0.6% Bus ◂ +0.3 pts 0.3%

Motor vehicles per home

36.7% 2 vehicles +3.6 pts ▸ 40.3%
38.0% 1 vehicle ◂ +2.9 pts 35.0%
10.7% 3 vehicles +2.2 pts ▸ 12.9%
9.0% No vehicle ◂ +3.9 pts 5.1%
5.6% 4 or more +1.0 pts ▸ 6.6%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
41.1% 65th pct 40.4% 61st pct
Recent arrivals in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.7 pts higher in 20,000 to 49,999 gap narrowing
16.1% 70th pct 16.7% 73rd pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
5.4% 57th pct 4.3% 27th pct
Participation in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
64.2% 89th pct 60.5% 72nd pct
Full-time in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
60.2% 71st pct 58.1% 56th pct

Industries people work in

13.6% Health care & social assistance +2.8 pts ▸ 16.4%
8.9% Construction +1.7 pts ▸ 10.6%
9.4% Retail trade +0.8 pts ▸ 10.2%
9.9% Professional & technical ◂ +4.9 pts 5.0%
8.8% Education & training +0.7 pts ▸ 9.5%
6.8% Manufacturing even 6.9%
6.2% Accommodation & food +0.7 pts ▸ 6.8%
5.4% Public administration & safety +1.1 pts ▸ 6.5%
4.8% Finance & insurance ◂ +2.7 pts 2.2%
4.8% Transport & warehousing ◂ +0.3 pts 4.5%
3.4% Other services +0.3 pts ▸ 3.7%
3.3% Administrative & support ◂ +0.4 pts 2.9%

Occupations people work in

27.6% Professionals ◂ +6.9 pts 20.7%
11.7% Technicians & trades +2.7 pts ▸ 14.4%
13.9% Managers ◂ +1.9 pts 12.0%
12.8% Clerical & administrative ◂ +0.6 pts 12.2%
10.4% Community & personal service +2.3 pts ▸ 12.7%
7.7% Labourers +3.3 pts ▸ 11.0%
8.3% Sales workers +1.1 pts ▸ 9.3%
5.6% Machinery operators & drivers +0.2 pts ▸ 5.9%

Walkability

Walk score in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.7 higher in 1 million or more
7.4 100th pct 5.7 79th pct
Types ≤15 min in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +1.6 more in 1 million or more
6.9 100th pct 5.3 70th pct
15-min city in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +26.2 pts higher in 1 million or more
86.6% 100th pct 60.4% 67th pct
Walk to shops in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +17.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
85.7% 100th pct 68.0% 80th pct
Walk to transit in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +3.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
93.8% 90th pct 90.0% 82nd pct
Walk to school in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +19.3 pts higher in 1 million or more
90.2% 100th pct 70.9% 74th pct
Walk to a park in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +2.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
98.9% 97th pct 96.3% 82nd pct
Walk to health in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +33.2 pts higher in 1 million or more
76.9% 100th pct 43.7% 55th pct
Amenities/1k in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +4.8 more in 20,000 to 49,999
13.9 25th pct 18.7 60th pct
Intersections/km² in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +126 higher in 1 million or more
244 100th pct 119 88th pct
Mean slope in 1 million or morein 20,000 to 49,999 +0.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
4.7% 38th pct 3.9% 14th pct

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

5,000 to 9,999 4,999 or less 500 or more 100,000 to 249,999 20,000 to 49,999 10,000 to 19,999 499 or less Remainder of State/Territory 50,000 to 99,999 20,000 to 49,999 10,000 to 19,999 4,999 or less

Compare 20,000 to 49,999 with nearby areas

10,000 to 19,999 100,000 to 249,999 4,999 or less 5,000 to 9,999 50,000 to 99,999 1 million or more 499 or less Remainder of State/Territory 500 or more 4,999 or less Remainder of State/Territory 250,000 to 999,999

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 1 million or more vs 20,000 to 49,999 [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR201/1-million-or-more/vs/SOSR212/20-000-to-49-999