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1 million or more vs 499 or less

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 2,932 km apart · 1 million or more profile · 499 or less profile

1 million or more 499 or less

1 million or more and 499 or less are two very different places located nearly 3,000 km apart. 1 million or more is a very walkable area where 36.4% of people were born overseas and 27% of adults hold a bachelor degree or higher. In contrast, 499 or less is mostly car-dependent, with a much smaller share of overseas-born residents at 9.2% and a lower proportion of adults with degrees at 11.8%. The two areas also differ in their housing and beliefs, as 42.1% of people in 1 million or more have no religion compared to 18.8% in 499 or less, while renting is far more common in 499 or less at 71.2% versus 27% in 1 million or more.

Both areas sit close to the national figure for the share of people aged 65 and over, with 15.7% and 15.8% respectively. This shared age profile exists alongside shifting trends; the gap in education and the share of people with no religion have both widened since 2011. At the same time, the difference in the proportion of people who speak little or no English has narrowed since 2016.

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Where they differ most

Born overseas: 27.2 pts higher in 1 million or more Other language: 31.1 pts higher in 499 or less Renting: 44.1 pts higher in 499 or less Population: 2,043,055 larger in 1 million or more No religion: 23.2 pts higher in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 1 million or morein 499 or less +2,043,055 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2,043,762 91st pct 707 14th pct
Median age in 1 million or morein 499 or less +1 yrs older in 499 or less gap steady
37 yrs 19th pct 38 yrs 24th pct
First Nations in 1 million or morein 499 or less +2.9 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
1.9% 16th pct 4.8% 43rd pct
Aged 65+ in 1 million or morein 499 or less +0.1 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
15.7% 33rd pct 15.8% 34th pct
Under 15 in 1 million or morein 499 or less +3.7 pts higher in 499 or less gap steady
19.0% 71st pct 22.6% 94th pct
De facto in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
11.5% 12th pct 7.5% 0th pct

Age structure

29.1% Young adults (25–44) ◂ +4.0 pts 25.0%
24.1% Older adults (45–64) +3.2 pts ▸ 27.3%
19.0% Children (0–14) +3.7 pts ▸ 22.6%
15.7% Seniors (65+) +0.1 pts ▸ 15.8%
12.1% Youth (15–24) ◂ +1.6 pts 10.5%

Marital status

47.5% Married +21.0 pts ▸ 68.5%
36.2% Never married ◂ +14.2 pts 22.0%
8.7% Divorced ◂ +4.0 pts 4.7%
4.4% Widowed ◂ +1.3 pts 3.1%
3.2% Separated ◂ +0.6 pts 2.5%

Age & sex structure

1 million or more 499 or less

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 1 million or morein 499 or less +27.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
36.4% 97th pct 9.2% 11th pct

Country of birth

59.1% Australia +14.4 pts ▸ 73.6%
7.9% England ◂ +6.2 pts 1.7%
2.8% India ◂ +2.8 pts 0.0%
2.8% New Zealand ◂ +1.8 pts 1.0%
1.8% South Africa ◂ +1.8 pts 0.0%
1.5% Philippines ◂ +1.5 pts 0.0%
1.3% China ◂ +1.3 pts 0.0%
0.8% Vietnam ◂ +0.8 pts 0.0%
0.8% Italy ◂ +0.8 pts 0.0%
0.2% Nepal ◂ +0.2 pts 0.0%

Ancestry

36.8% English ◂ +24.2 pts 12.6%
27.8% Australian even 27.7%
8.8% Irish ◂ +6.1 pts 2.7%
8.7% Scottish ◂ +5.4 pts 3.3%
5.5% Italian ◂ +5.0 pts 0.6%
5.5% Chinese ◂ +4.2 pts 1.3%
3.6% Indian ◂ +3.1 pts 0.4%
2.8% German ◂ +2.1 pts 0.7%
2.0% Dutch ◂ +1.4 pts 0.6%
1.9% Filipino ◂ +1.3 pts 0.6%
1.1% Vietnamese ◂ +1.1 pts 0.0%
0.7% Greek ◂ +0.7 pts 0.0%

Language

Other language in 1 million or morein 499 or less +31.1 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
21.4% 82nd pct 52.5% 96th pct
Limited English in 1 million or morein 499 or less +14.3 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
2.7% 83rd pct 17.0% 100th pct

Language used at home

73.6% English only ◂ +43.8 pts 29.8%
2.4% Mandarin ◂ +2.4 pts 0.0%
1.1% Italian ◂ +1.1 pts 0.0%
1.1% Vietnamese ◂ +1.1 pts 0.0%
1.0% Punjabi ◂ +1.0 pts 0.0%
0.9% Cantonese ◂ +0.9 pts 0.0%
0.8% Arabic ◂ +0.8 pts 0.0%
0.7% Tagalog ◂ +0.7 pts 0.0%
0.6% Hindi ◂ +0.6 pts 0.0%
0.2% Greek ◂ +0.2 pts 0.0%

Religion

No religion in 1 million or morein 499 or less +23.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
42.1% 49th pct 18.8% 0th pct

Religious affiliation

3.1% Islam +50.3 pts ▸ 53.3%
42.1% No religion ◂ +23.2 pts 18.8%
41.8% Christianity ◂ +30.1 pts 11.7%
6.5% Not stated +10.6 pts ▸ 17.1%
2.6% Buddhism ◂ +2.6 pts 0.0%
2.4% Hinduism ◂ +2.4 pts 0.0%
1.3% Other religions ◂ +0.7 pts 0.6%
0.3% Judaism ◂ +0.3 pts 0.0%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 1 million or morein 499 or less +20.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
62.4% 93rd pct 42.0% 44th pct
Bachelor+ in 1 million or morein 499 or less +15.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
27.0% 91st pct 11.8% 24th pct

Highest year of school

62.4% Year 12 ◂ +20.3 pts 42.0%
6.2% Year 9 or below +12.9 pts ▸ 19.1%
17.4% Year 10 ◂ +6.4 pts 11.0%
8.1% Year 11 ◂ +3.6 pts 4.5%

Highest qualification level

28.4% Bachelor degree ◂ +15.0 pts 13.4%
25.9% Certificate III / IV ◂ +1.9 pts 24.1%
15.2% Advanced diploma / diploma ◂ +7.7 pts 7.5%
9.3% Postgraduate degree ◂ +5.3 pts 4.1%
2.3% Certificate I / II +1.7 pts ▸ 4.1%
3.9% Graduate diploma / certificate ◂ +1.1 pts 2.8%

Field of qualification

19.0% Management & commerce ◂ +6.9 pts 12.2%
16.7% Engineering & related ◂ +5.5 pts 11.3%
11.4% Society & culture ◂ +2.7 pts 8.8%
7.9% Education +3.4 pts ▸ 11.3%
11.0% Health ◂ +9.4 pts 1.6%
5.1% Food, hospitality & personal services ◂ +2.3 pts 2.8%
4.9% Architecture & building ◂ +0.2 pts 4.7%
3.8% Natural & physical sciences ◂ +1.3 pts 2.5%
3.5% Creative arts ◂ +3.5 pts 0.0%
2.9% Information technology ◂ +1.9 pts 0.9%
1.5% Agriculture & environment +0.4 pts ▸ 1.9%

Income

Personal income in 1 million or morein 499 or less +$58 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$862 75th pct $804 72nd pct
Household income in 1 million or morein 499 or less +$622 higher in 499 or less gap widening
$1,863 79th pct $2,485 93rd pct
Family income in 1 million or morein 499 or less +$425 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$2,262 86th pct $1,837 57th pct
High earners in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
15.2% 87th pct 11.1% 74th pct
High-income homes in 1 million or morein 499 or less +9.7 pts higher in 499 or less gap widening
24.3% 83rd pct 34.0% 96th pct

Household income distribution

29.2% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +0.3 pts 28.8%
23.4% $650–$1,499 ◂ +5.4 pts 17.9%
10.8% $3,000–$3,999 +9.1 pts ▸ 19.9%
14.3% Under $650 ◂ +12.4 pts 1.9%
13.5% $4,000 or more +0.6 pts ▸ 14.1%

Personal income distribution

38.3% Under $650 ◂ +5.1 pts 33.3%
29.2% $650–$1,499 ◂ +0.8 pts 28.4%
20.1% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +5.1 pts 14.9%
6.2% $3,000 or more ◂ +2.4 pts 3.8%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 1 million or morein 499 or less +12.9 pts higher in 1 million or more
26.0% 28th pct 13.0% 7th pct
Mental health in 1 million or morein 499 or less +6.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
8.4% 33rd pct 2.4% 4th pct
Needs assistance in 1 million or morein 499 or less +0.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
4.6% 29th pct 4.2% 24th pct

Long-term health conditions reported

8.4% Mental health ◂ +6.0 pts 2.4%
7.6% Other condition ◂ +3.3 pts 4.2%
7.4% Arthritis ◂ +4.5 pts 2.8%
7.3% Asthma ◂ +2.4 pts 5.0%
4.3% Diabetes ◂ +0.9 pts 3.4%
3.5% Heart disease ◂ +1.9 pts 1.6%
2.7% Cancer ◂ +2.3 pts 0.4%
1.5% Lung condition ◂ +1.5 pts 0.0%
0.8% Stroke ◂ +0.1 pts 0.7%
0.7% Dementia ◂ +0.7 pts 0.0%

Number of long-term health conditions

66.6% None ◂ +0.4 pts 66.2%
18.2% One condition ◂ +7.5 pts 10.7%
5.3% Two conditions ◂ +3.8 pts 1.4%
2.5% Three or more ◂ +0.9 pts 1.6%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 1 million or morein 499 or less +0.9 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
15.1% 44th pct 16.0% 53rd pct
Unpaid carers in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
10.8% 30th pct 6.2% 9th pct
Unpaid child care in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
29.2% 86th pct 24.5% 41st pct
Defence service in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.1 pts higher in 499 or less
2.8% 22nd pct 6.9% 100th pct
Housework 15h+ in 1 million or morein 499 or less +7.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
19.6% 31st pct 12.0% 14th pct

Family & Households

Household size in 1 million or morein 499 or less +1.0 larger in 499 or less gap widening
2.6 81st pct 3.6 99th pct
One-parent in 1 million or morein 499 or less +5.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
13.4% 24th pct 7.5% 0th pct
Living alone in 1 million or morein 499 or less +14.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
25.2% 29th pct 10.9% 0th pct

Family composition

60.0% Couples with children +2.1 pts ▸ 62.1%
25.4% Couples without children +5.8 pts ▸ 31.2%
13.4% One-parent families ◂ +5.9 pts 7.5%
1.2% Other families ◂ +1.2 pts 0.0%

Household size

32.8% 2 people ◂ +3.3 pts 29.5%
25.2% 1 person ◂ +14.3 pts 10.9%
2.8% 6 or more +20.3 pts ▸ 23.1%
16.5% 4 people ◂ +0.4 pts 16.0%
16.4% 3 people ◂ +2.9 pts 13.5%
6.3% 5 people +7.1 pts ▸ 13.5%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 1 million or morein 499 or less +$100 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$350 86th pct $250 29th pct
Mortgage in 1 million or morein 499 or less +$72 higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
$1,900 83rd pct $1,972 87th pct
People / bedroom in 1 million or morein 499 or less +0.30 higher in 499 or less gap widening
0.80 43rd pct 1.10 91st pct
Renting in 1 million or morein 499 or less +44.1 pts higher in 499 or less gap steady
27.0% 38th pct 71.2% 100th pct
Owned outright in 1 million or morein 499 or less +19.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
28.3% 24th pct 9.0% 2nd pct
Separate houses in 1 million or morein 499 or less +22.2 pts higher in 499 or less gap widening
77.2% 22nd pct 99.4% 100th pct
3+ bedrooms in 1 million or morein 499 or less +2.4 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
82.2% 86th pct 84.6% 93rd pct

How homes are owned or rented

27.0% Rented +44.1 pts ▸ 71.2%
41.7% Owned with a mortgage ◂ +39.2 pts 2.6%
28.3% Owned outright ◂ +19.3 pts 9.0%
1.7% Other tenure +13.0 pts ▸ 14.7%
1.2% Not stated +4.6 pts ▸ 5.8%

Types of homes

77.2% Separate house +22.2 pts ▸ 99.4%
14.6% Townhouse / semi-detached ◂ +14.6 pts 0.0%
7.9% Flat or apartment ◂ +5.9 pts 1.9%
0.3% Other dwelling ◂ +0.3 pts 0.0%

Bedrooms per home

37.0% 3 bedrooms +4.7 pts ▸ 41.7%
38.9% 4 bedrooms ◂ +5.6 pts 33.3%
12.8% 2 bedrooms ◂ +6.4 pts 6.4%
6.3% 5 or more +3.3 pts ▸ 9.6%
3.6% 1 bedroom +0.8 pts ▸ 4.5%
0.2% Studio / none ◂ +0.2 pts 0.0%

Weekly rent distribution

43.4% $350–$549 ◂ +35.3 pts 8.1%
34.2% $200–$349 ◂ +1.7 pts 32.4%
10.4% Under $200 +22.0 pts ▸ 32.4%
6.4% $550–$749 +0.9 pts ▸ 7.2%
2.5% $750 or more ◂ +2.5 pts 0.0%

Monthly mortgage distribution

35.5% $1,800–$2,999 ◂ +35.5 pts 0.0%
30.6% $1,000–$1,799 ◂ +30.6 pts 0.0%
15.8% $3,000 or more ◂ +15.8 pts 0.0%
12.7% Under $1,000 ◂ +12.7 pts 0.0%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 1 million or morein 499 or less +0.2 pts higher in 499 or less gap steady
5.1% 41st pct 5.3% 45th pct
Work from home in 1 million or morein 499 or less +2.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
7.5% 43rd pct 5.0% 21st pct
PT commute in 1 million or morein 499 or less +3.7 pts higher in 499 or less gap narrowing
5.3% 89th pct 9.0% 100th pct

How people get to work

62.1% Car (driver) ◂ +39.7 pts 22.4%
1.5% Walked +16.2 pts ▸ 17.7%
7.5% Worked at home ◂ +2.5 pts 5.0%
0.7% Bicycle +4.7 pts ▸ 5.4%
4.4% Car (passenger) +0.3 pts ▸ 4.7%
3.1% Bus ◂ +1.4 pts 1.7%
2.2% Train ◂ +2.2 pts 0.0%

Motor vehicles per home

39.9% 2 vehicles ◂ +4.8 pts 35.1%
35.5% 1 vehicle ◂ +5.7 pts 29.8%
6.7% 4 or more +11.1 pts ▸ 17.9%
12.8% 3 vehicles +2.4 pts ▸ 15.2%
5.1% No vehicle +0.2 pts ▸ 5.3%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 1 million or morein 499 or less +13.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
39.6% 54th pct 26.1% 9th pct
Recent arrivals in 1 million or morein 499 or less +6.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
10.7% 45th pct 4.6% 8th pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
5.3% 55th pct 1.3% 0th pct
Participation in 1 million or morein 499 or less +9.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
65.3% 91st pct 56.0% 49th pct
Full-time in 1 million or morein 499 or less +4.9 pts higher in 499 or less gap widening
60.0% 70th pct 64.9% 82nd pct

Industries people work in

6.0% Public administration & safety +19.5 pts ▸ 25.4%
14.2% Health care & social assistance ◂ +8.2 pts 6.0%
8.8% Education & training +2.5 pts ▸ 11.4%
4.5% Transport & warehousing +6.2 pts ▸ 10.7%
8.8% Construction +0.9 pts ▸ 9.7%
8.9% Retail trade ◂ +2.9 pts 6.0%
7.9% Professional & technical ◂ +6.9 pts 1.0%
6.5% Accommodation & food +0.9 pts ▸ 7.4%
6.5% Mining ◂ +6.5 pts 0.0%
5.2% Manufacturing ◂ +5.2 pts 0.0%
3.1% Administrative & support +1.5 pts ▸ 4.7%
3.9% Other services ◂ +2.5 pts 1.3%

Occupations people work in

24.0% Professionals ◂ +6.0 pts 18.1%
11.8% Managers +9.6 pts ▸ 21.4%
12.0% Community & personal service +4.7 pts ▸ 16.7%
8.6% Labourers +6.1 pts ▸ 14.7%
14.5% Technicians & trades ◂ +0.5 pts 14.0%
12.5% Clerical & administrative ◂ +3.1 pts 9.4%
8.0% Sales workers ◂ +6.0 pts 2.0%
6.9% Machinery operators & drivers ◂ +3.2 pts 3.7%

Walkability

Walk score in 1 million or morein 499 or less +3.8 higher in 1 million or more
6.2 88th pct 2.4 20th pct
Types ≤15 min in 1 million or morein 499 or less +3.3 more in 1 million or more
5.9 89th pct 2.7 21st pct
15-min city in 1 million or morein 499 or less +53.9 pts higher in 1 million or more
74.1% 90th pct 20.1% 19th pct
Walk to shops in 1 million or morein 499 or less +9.2 pts higher in 499 or less
70.3% 86th pct 79.5% 95th pct
Walk to transit in 1 million or morein 499 or less +95.3 pts higher in 1 million or more
95.3% 94th pct 0.0% 0th pct
Walk to school in 1 million or morein 499 or less +46.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
81.3% 92nd pct 34.5% 23rd pct
Walk to a park in 1 million or morein 499 or less +51.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
97.2% 86th pct 45.5% 15th pct
Walk to health in 1 million or morein 499 or less +55.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
55.8% 86th pct 0.0% 0th pct
Amenities/1k in 1 million or morein 499 or less +11.6 more in 499 or less
15.2 35th pct 26.9 83rd pct
Intersections/km² in 1 million or morein 499 or less +144 higher in 1 million or more
166 93rd pct 22 29th pct
Mean slope in 1 million or morein 499 or less +3.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
6.1% 71st pct 3.1% 4th pct

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

500 or more 50,000 to 99,999 5,000 to 9,999 20,000 to 49,999 Remainder of State/Territory 10,000 to 19,999 499 or less 4,999 or less 500 or more 4,999 or less 20,000 to 49,999 Remainder of State/Territory

Compare 499 or less with nearby areas

Remainder of State/Territory 4,999 or less 10,000 to 19,999 500 or more 4,999 or less 1 million or more 499 or less 5,000 to 9,999 50,000 to 99,999 Remainder of State/Territory 20,000 to 49,999 100,000 to 249,999

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 1 million or more vs 499 or less [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR501/1-million-or-more/vs/SOSR922/499-or-less