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1 million or more vs 4,999 or less

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 1,800 km apart · 1 million or more profile · 4,999 or less profile

1 million or more 4,999 or less

1 million or more and 4,999 or less are two very different places located about 1,800 km apart. 1 million or more is a highly diverse and educated hub, where 36.4% of people were born overseas and 27% of adults hold a bachelor degree or higher. In contrast, 18% of people in 4,999 or less were born overseas and only 11.9% of adults have a degree. The two areas differ sharply in layout; 1 million or more is very walkable with 95.3% of homes within a 10-minute walk of public transport, while only 32.7% of homes in 4,999 or less have that same access.

Both areas sit near the national figure for people who move in the last five years, which is around 40%. They also share similar rates of unemployment and a similar proportion of people who have served in the Defence Force. While they are alike in these respects, other gaps are growing. Since 2011, the difference in education levels has widened, and the gap in the number of people born overseas has increased.

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Where they differ most

Population: 1,951,239 larger in 1 million or more Year 12: 21.8 pts higher in 1 million or more De facto: 4.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less Born overseas: 18.4 pts higher in 1 million or more Bachelor+: 15.1 pts higher in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1,951,239 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2,043,762 91st pct 92,523 57th pct
Median age in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2 yrs older in 4,999 or less gap widening
37 yrs 19th pct 39 yrs 29th pct
First Nations in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +7.0 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
1.9% 16th pct 8.9% 73rd pct
Aged 65+ in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.3 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
15.7% 33rd pct 18.1% 42nd pct
Under 15 in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.3 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
19.0% 71st pct 20.3% 86th pct
De facto in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +4.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
11.5% 12th pct 16.1% 89th pct

Age structure

29.1% Young adults (25–44) ◂ +3.4 pts 25.7%
24.1% Older adults (45–64) +1.4 pts ▸ 25.6%
19.0% Children (0–14) +1.3 pts ▸ 20.3%
15.7% Seniors (65+) +2.3 pts ▸ 18.1%
12.1% Youth (15–24) ◂ +1.7 pts 10.3%

Marital status

47.5% Married ◂ +3.3 pts 44.2%
36.2% Never married +0.7 pts ▸ 36.9%
8.7% Divorced +1.0 pts ▸ 9.7%
4.4% Widowed +0.9 pts ▸ 5.3%
3.2% Separated +0.7 pts ▸ 3.9%

Age & sex structure

1 million or more 4,999 or less

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +18.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
36.4% 97th pct 18.0% 71st pct

Country of birth

59.1% Australia +11.7 pts ▸ 70.8%
7.9% England ◂ +2.7 pts 5.3%
2.8% New Zealand +0.3 pts ▸ 3.1%
2.8% India ◂ +2.5 pts 0.4%
1.8% South Africa ◂ +1.1 pts 0.8%
1.5% Philippines ◂ +0.2 pts 1.3%
1.3% China ◂ +1.1 pts 0.2%
0.8% Vietnam ◂ +0.7 pts 0.2%
0.8% Italy ◂ +0.4 pts 0.3%
0.2% Nepal ◂ +0.2 pts 0.0%

Ancestry

36.8% English +2.7 pts ▸ 39.5%
27.8% Australian +8.9 pts ▸ 36.6%
8.7% Scottish +0.2 pts ▸ 8.9%
8.8% Irish ◂ +0.6 pts 8.2%
5.5% Italian ◂ +1.8 pts 3.7%
5.5% Chinese ◂ +4.6 pts 0.8%
3.6% Indian ◂ +3.0 pts 0.6%
2.8% German +0.4 pts ▸ 3.2%
2.0% Dutch even 2.0%
1.9% Filipino ◂ +0.3 pts 1.6%
1.1% Vietnamese ◂ +0.9 pts 0.2%
0.7% Greek ◂ +0.4 pts 0.3%

Language

Other language in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +13.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
21.4% 82nd pct 8.2% 50th pct
Limited English in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
2.7% 83rd pct 1.1% 57th pct

Language used at home

73.6% English only +7.0 pts ▸ 80.7%
2.4% Mandarin ◂ +2.0 pts 0.4%
1.1% Italian ◂ +0.6 pts 0.5%
1.1% Vietnamese ◂ +0.9 pts 0.2%
1.0% Punjabi ◂ +0.9 pts 0.1%
0.9% Cantonese ◂ +0.9 pts 0.1%
0.8% Arabic ◂ +0.7 pts 0.1%
0.7% Tagalog ◂ +0.2 pts 0.5%
0.6% Hindi ◂ +0.5 pts 0.1%
0.2% Greek ◂ +0.2 pts 0.0%

Religion

No religion in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +5.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
42.1% 49th pct 47.4% 73rd pct

Religious affiliation

42.1% No religion +5.4 pts ▸ 47.4%
41.8% Christianity ◂ +4.7 pts 37.1%
6.5% Not stated +6.3 pts ▸ 12.8%
3.1% Islam ◂ +2.2 pts 0.9%
2.6% Buddhism ◂ +1.7 pts 0.9%
2.4% Hinduism ◂ +2.1 pts 0.3%
1.3% Other religions ◂ +0.8 pts 0.6%
0.3% Judaism ◂ +0.2 pts 0.0%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +21.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
62.4% 93rd pct 40.6% 39th pct
Bachelor+ in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +15.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
27.0% 91st pct 11.9% 24th pct

Highest year of school

62.4% Year 12 ◂ +21.8 pts 40.6%
17.4% Year 10 +8.4 pts ▸ 25.8%
8.1% Year 11 +3.4 pts ▸ 11.5%
6.2% Year 9 or below +3.2 pts ▸ 9.4%

Highest qualification level

25.9% Certificate III / IV +10.4 pts ▸ 36.3%
28.4% Bachelor degree ◂ +13.4 pts 15.0%
15.2% Advanced diploma / diploma ◂ +2.9 pts 12.3%
9.3% Postgraduate degree ◂ +6.5 pts 2.8%
3.9% Graduate diploma / certificate ◂ +1.5 pts 2.5%
2.3% Certificate I / II +1.2 pts ▸ 3.6%

Field of qualification

19.0% Management & commerce ◂ +7.4 pts 11.6%
16.7% Engineering & related +1.4 pts ▸ 18.1%
11.4% Society & culture ◂ +2.7 pts 8.7%
11.0% Health ◂ +2.4 pts 8.6%
7.9% Education +0.8 pts ▸ 8.7%
5.1% Food, hospitality & personal services +0.4 pts ▸ 5.5%
4.9% Architecture & building +0.3 pts ▸ 5.2%
3.8% Natural & physical sciences ◂ +1.9 pts 1.9%
1.5% Agriculture & environment +2.1 pts ▸ 3.6%
3.5% Creative arts ◂ +1.5 pts 2.1%
2.9% Information technology ◂ +1.9 pts 0.9%

Income

Personal income in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$88 higher in 1 million or more gap steady
$862 75th pct $774 69th pct
Household income in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$344 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$1,863 79th pct $1,519 57th pct
Family income in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$304 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$2,262 86th pct $1,958 69th pct
High earners in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
15.2% 87th pct 12.4% 79th pct
High-income homes in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +6.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
24.3% 83rd pct 17.4% 63rd pct

Household income distribution

29.2% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +1.9 pts 27.3%
23.4% $650–$1,499 +2.6 pts ▸ 26.0%
14.3% Under $650 +3.6 pts ▸ 17.9%
13.5% $4,000 or more ◂ +5.2 pts 8.2%
10.8% $3,000–$3,999 ◂ +1.6 pts 9.2%

Personal income distribution

38.3% Under $650 +0.1 pts ▸ 38.4%
29.2% $650–$1,499 ◂ +2.1 pts 27.1%
20.1% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +2.2 pts 17.8%
6.2% $3,000 or more ◂ +1.9 pts 4.3%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less
26.0% 28th pct 27.1% 34th pct
Mental health in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.1 pts higher in 1 million or more
8.4% 33rd pct 8.2% 32nd pct
Needs assistance in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
4.6% 29th pct 5.0% 35th pct

Long-term health conditions reported

7.4% Arthritis +1.5 pts ▸ 8.8%
8.4% Mental health ◂ +0.1 pts 8.2%
7.6% Other condition ◂ +0.8 pts 6.7%
7.3% Asthma +0.2 pts ▸ 7.5%
4.3% Diabetes +0.7 pts ▸ 5.0%
3.5% Heart disease +0.4 pts ▸ 3.9%
2.7% Cancer +0.1 pts ▸ 2.8%
1.5% Lung condition +0.4 pts ▸ 1.9%
0.8% Stroke +0.1 pts ▸ 0.9%
0.7% Dementia even 0.7%

Number of long-term health conditions

66.6% None ◂ +7.1 pts 59.5%
18.2% One condition ◂ +0.3 pts 18.0%
5.3% Two conditions +0.8 pts ▸ 6.0%
2.5% Three or more +0.6 pts ▸ 3.1%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +4.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
15.1% 44th pct 19.5% 81st pct
Unpaid carers in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
10.8% 30th pct 10.1% 25th pct
Unpaid child care in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +3.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
29.2% 86th pct 26.0% 63rd pct
Defence service in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.5 pts higher in 4,999 or less
2.8% 22nd pct 3.4% 43rd pct
Housework 15h+ in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
19.6% 31st pct 22.0% 57th pct

Family & Households

Household size in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.2 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2.6 81st pct 2.4 43rd pct
One-parent in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.5 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
13.4% 24th pct 14.9% 39th pct
Living alone in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +4.0 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
25.2% 29th pct 29.2% 56th pct

Family composition

60.0% Couples with children ◂ +6.2 pts 53.8%
25.4% Couples without children +4.9 pts ▸ 30.4%
13.4% One-parent families +1.5 pts ▸ 14.9%
1.2% Other families ◂ +0.2 pts 1.0%

Household size

32.8% 2 people +2.6 pts ▸ 35.4%
25.2% 1 person +4.0 pts ▸ 29.2%
16.5% 4 people ◂ +3.5 pts 13.0%
16.4% 3 people ◂ +3.1 pts 13.3%
6.3% 5 people ◂ +0.3 pts 6.0%
2.8% 6 or more +0.3 pts ▸ 3.1%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$119 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$350 86th pct $231 23rd pct
Mortgage in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +$400 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$1,900 83rd pct $1,500 43rd pct
People / bedroom in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less even gap steady
0.80 43rd pct 0.80 43rd pct
Renting in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +8.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
27.0% 38th pct 35.4% 79th pct
Owned outright in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
28.3% 24th pct 29.7% 29th pct
Separate houses in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +11.9 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
77.2% 22nd pct 89.0% 54th pct
3+ bedrooms in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
82.2% 86th pct 80.3% 73rd pct

How homes are owned or rented

41.7% Owned with a mortgage ◂ +11.9 pts 29.8%
27.0% Rented +8.4 pts ▸ 35.4%
28.3% Owned outright +1.4 pts ▸ 29.7%
1.7% Other tenure +1.2 pts ▸ 2.9%
1.2% Not stated +0.9 pts ▸ 2.1%

Types of homes

77.2% Separate house +11.9 pts ▸ 89.0%
14.6% Townhouse / semi-detached ◂ +7.2 pts 7.4%
7.9% Flat or apartment ◂ +6.7 pts 1.2%
0.3% Other dwelling +1.6 pts ▸ 1.9%

Bedrooms per home

37.0% 3 bedrooms +7.3 pts ▸ 44.3%
38.9% 4 bedrooms ◂ +7.2 pts 31.7%
12.8% 2 bedrooms +0.7 pts ▸ 13.5%
6.3% 5 or more ◂ +1.9 pts 4.3%
3.6% 1 bedroom +0.1 pts ▸ 3.7%
0.2% Studio / none +0.3 pts ▸ 0.5%

Weekly rent distribution

43.4% $350–$549 ◂ +26.9 pts 16.4%
34.2% $200–$349 +3.9 pts ▸ 38.1%
10.4% Under $200 +27.1 pts ▸ 37.5%
6.4% $550–$749 ◂ +4.2 pts 2.2%
2.5% $750 or more ◂ +1.7 pts 0.9%

Monthly mortgage distribution

30.6% $1,000–$1,799 +7.8 pts ▸ 38.4%
35.5% $1,800–$2,999 ◂ +9.4 pts 26.0%
12.7% Under $1,000 +10.4 pts ▸ 23.1%
15.8% $3,000 or more ◂ +8.4 pts 7.3%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.2 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
5.1% 41st pct 5.2% 44th pct
Work from home in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +3.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
7.5% 43rd pct 4.4% 16th pct
PT commute in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
5.3% 89th pct 3.0% 75th pct

How people get to work

62.1% Car (driver) +0.8 pts ▸ 62.9%
7.5% Worked at home ◂ +3.1 pts 4.4%
4.4% Car (passenger) +1.3 pts ▸ 5.7%
1.5% Walked +3.2 pts ▸ 4.7%
3.1% Bus ◂ +0.2 pts 2.9%
2.2% Train ◂ +2.1 pts 0.1%
0.7% Bicycle +0.4 pts ▸ 1.0%

Motor vehicles per home

39.9% 2 vehicles ◂ +1.9 pts 38.1%
35.5% 1 vehicle ◂ +0.1 pts 35.4%
12.8% 3 vehicles +1.1 pts ▸ 13.8%
6.7% 4 or more +0.7 pts ▸ 7.5%
5.1% No vehicle +0.2 pts ▸ 5.2%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
39.6% 54th pct 39.9% 58th pct
Recent arrivals in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
10.7% 45th pct 11.3% 48th pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +0.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
5.3% 55th pct 4.6% 35th pct
Participation in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +7.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
65.3% 91st pct 57.6% 55th pct
Full-time in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.2 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
60.0% 70th pct 61.2% 74th pct

Industries people work in

14.2% Health care & social assistance ◂ +2.7 pts 11.5%
6.5% Mining +6.6 pts ▸ 13.2%
8.8% Education & training +0.1 pts ▸ 9.0%
8.9% Retail trade ◂ +0.2 pts 8.7%
8.8% Construction ◂ +0.6 pts 8.2%
7.9% Professional & technical ◂ +5.2 pts 2.7%
6.0% Public administration & safety +1.0 pts ▸ 7.0%
6.5% Accommodation & food ◂ +0.3 pts 6.2%
5.2% Manufacturing +0.5 pts ▸ 5.7%
0.6% Agriculture, forestry & fishing +4.4 pts ▸ 5.0%
4.5% Transport & warehousing even 4.5%
3.9% Other services ◂ +0.1 pts 3.8%

Occupations people work in

24.0% Professionals ◂ +10.5 pts 13.5%
14.5% Technicians & trades +4.4 pts ▸ 18.9%
8.6% Labourers +5.1 pts ▸ 13.8%
12.5% Clerical & administrative ◂ +2.0 pts 10.4%
6.9% Machinery operators & drivers +5.3 pts ▸ 12.1%
12.0% Community & personal service ◂ +0.1 pts 11.9%
11.8% Managers ◂ +1.8 pts 10.0%
8.0% Sales workers ◂ +0.8 pts 7.1%

Walkability

Walk score in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +2.0 higher in 1 million or more
6.2 88th pct 4.2 43rd pct
Types ≤15 min in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.3 more in 1 million or more
5.9 89th pct 4.6 46th pct
15-min city in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +19.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
74.1% 90th pct 54.2% 48th pct
Walk to shops in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +17.8 pts higher in 1 million or more
70.3% 86th pct 52.5% 40th pct
Walk to transit in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +62.6 pts higher in 1 million or more
95.3% 94th pct 32.7% 35th pct
Walk to school in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +23.1 pts higher in 1 million or more
81.3% 92nd pct 58.3% 43rd pct
Walk to a park in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +8.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
97.2% 86th pct 88.5% 53rd pct
Walk to health in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +7.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
55.8% 86th pct 48.1% 68th pct
Amenities/1k in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.9 more in 4,999 or less
15.2 35th pct 17.2 50th pct
Intersections/km² in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +127 higher in 1 million or more
166 93rd pct 38 50th pct
Mean slope in 1 million or morein 4,999 or less +1.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
6.1% 71st pct 4.3% 28th pct

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

500 or more 50,000 to 99,999 5,000 to 9,999 20,000 to 49,999 Remainder of State/Territory 10,000 to 19,999 499 or less 4,999 or less 500 or more 4,999 or less 20,000 to 49,999 Remainder of State/Territory

Compare 4,999 or less with nearby areas

499 or less 10,000 to 19,999 100,000 to 249,999 5,000 to 9,999 Remainder of State/Territory Remainder of State/Territory 4,999 or less 500 or more 499 or less 20,000 to 49,999 4,999 or less 500 or more

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 1 million or more vs 4,999 or less [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR501/1-million-or-more/vs/SOSR515/4-999-or-less