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1 million or more vs 50,000 to 99,999

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 139 km apart · 1 million or more profile · 50,000 to 99,999 profile

1 million or more 50,000 to 99,999

1 million or more and 50,000 to 99,999 are very different in their makeup and layout. 1 million or more is far more multicultural, with 41.2% of people born overseas and 40.7% using a language other than English at home. It is also a more highly educated and wealthier area, where 35% of adults have a bachelor degree or higher and typical household incomes are $2,122 a week. In contrast, 50,000 to 99,999 is more residential, with 79.9% of homes being separate houses and a much higher share of people with long-term health conditions (34.3%).

These differences have generally grown since 2011, particularly the gap in weekly household income which has widened from $360 to $641. Both areas are quite similar in other ways, such as their unemployment rates (around 5%) and the share of people who moved in the last five years. While 1 million or more is far more walkable with many homes within a 15-minute walk of a school, both areas have seen a similar proportion of their residents working or looking for work.

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Where they differ most

Born overseas: 29.3 pts higher in 1 million or more Other language: 33.4 pts higher in 1 million or more Separate houses: 27.4 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 Work from home: 27.5 pts higher in 1 million or more Year 12: 24.2 pts higher in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4,504,321 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
4,698,656 100th pct 194,335 73rd pct
Median age in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +3 yrs older in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
36 yrs 14th pct 39 yrs 29th pct
First Nations in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4.8 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
1.4% 10th pct 6.3% 52nd pct
Aged 65+ in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4.6 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
14.5% 29th pct 19.1% 49th pct
Under 15 in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +1.1 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap steady
18.4% 62nd pct 19.5% 77th pct
De facto in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +3.3 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap steady
9.5% 0th pct 12.8% 53rd pct

Age structure

31.2% Young adults (25–44) ◂ +5.3 pts 25.9%
23.5% Older adults (45–64) +0.2 pts ▸ 23.7%
18.4% Children (0–14) +1.1 pts ▸ 19.5%
14.5% Seniors (65+) +4.6 pts ▸ 19.1%
12.3% Youth (15–24) ◂ +0.5 pts 11.7%

Marital status

48.5% Married ◂ +4.5 pts 44.0%
36.8% Never married ◂ +0.8 pts 36.0%
7.5% Divorced +2.7 pts ▸ 10.2%
4.3% Widowed +1.6 pts ▸ 5.9%
2.9% Separated +1.0 pts ▸ 3.9%

Age & sex structure

1 million or more 50,000 to 99,999

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +29.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
41.2% 100th pct 11.9% 33rd pct

Country of birth

54.2% Australia +28.9 pts ▸ 83.1%
5.0% China ◂ +4.7 pts 0.3%
3.9% India ◂ +2.7 pts 1.2%
2.8% England ◂ +0.5 pts 2.2%
2.0% Vietnam ◂ +1.8 pts 0.1%
1.9% Philippines ◂ +1.2 pts 0.7%
1.6% New Zealand ◂ +0.5 pts 1.1%
1.2% Nepal ◂ +1.0 pts 0.3%
0.8% South Africa ◂ +0.4 pts 0.4%
0.8% Italy ◂ +0.6 pts 0.1%

Ancestry

21.8% English +19.8 pts ▸ 41.6%
20.4% Australian +20.4 pts ▸ 40.8%
7.2% Irish +4.5 pts ▸ 11.7%
11.6% Chinese ◂ +10.6 pts 1.0%
5.6% Scottish +5.1 pts ▸ 10.6%
2.2% German +2.9 pts ▸ 5.1%
4.9% Indian ◂ +3.7 pts 1.2%
4.3% Italian ◂ +2.3 pts 2.0%
2.7% Filipino ◂ +1.7 pts 1.0%
2.6% Greek ◂ +2.1 pts 0.5%
2.5% Vietnamese ◂ +2.3 pts 0.2%
0.9% Dutch +0.6 pts ▸ 1.5%

Language

Other language in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +33.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
40.7% 92nd pct 7.4% 46th pct
Limited English in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +5.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
7.0% 93rd pct 1.3% 63rd pct

Language used at home

53.9% English only +33.8 pts ▸ 87.6%
5.5% Mandarin ◂ +5.1 pts 0.4%
4.6% Arabic ◂ +4.4 pts 0.2%
3.0% Cantonese ◂ +2.9 pts 0.2%
2.4% Vietnamese ◂ +2.2 pts 0.2%
1.6% Hindi ◂ +1.4 pts 0.2%
1.5% Greek ◂ +1.4 pts 0.1%
1.1% Italian ◂ +0.9 pts 0.2%
1.0% Tagalog ◂ +0.7 pts 0.3%
0.9% Punjabi ◂ +0.2 pts 0.8%

Religion

No religion in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +9.8 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
29.8% 11th pct 39.6% 37th pct

Religious affiliation

45.0% Christianity +5.0 pts ▸ 50.0%
29.8% No religion +9.8 pts ▸ 39.6%
6.9% Islam ◂ +6.4 pts 0.6%
6.6% Not stated ◂ +0.1 pts 6.5%
5.3% Hinduism ◂ +4.2 pts 1.1%
4.2% Buddhism ◂ +3.4 pts 0.8%
1.4% Other religions ◂ +0.1 pts 1.3%
0.8% Judaism ◂ +0.7 pts 0.1%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +24.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
69.0% 100th pct 44.8% 61st pct
Bachelor+ in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +18.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
35.0% 100th pct 16.8% 71st pct

Highest year of school

69.0% Year 12 ◂ +24.2 pts 44.8%
13.2% Year 10 +15.6 pts ▸ 28.8%
8.0% Year 9 or below +4.1 pts ▸ 12.0%
3.6% Year 11 +4.5 pts ▸ 8.2%

Highest qualification level

16.3% Certificate III / IV +20.9 pts ▸ 37.2%
34.5% Bachelor degree ◂ +14.8 pts 19.7%
14.6% Advanced diploma / diploma +0.8 pts ▸ 15.3%
15.1% Postgraduate degree ◂ +9.9 pts 5.2%
3.3% Graduate diploma / certificate even 3.2%
1.3% Certificate I / II +1.2 pts ▸ 2.6%

Field of qualification

25.3% Management & commerce ◂ +7.2 pts 18.1%
11.6% Engineering & related +3.8 pts ▸ 15.5%
12.2% Society & culture ◂ +0.5 pts 11.7%
8.6% Health +3.3 pts ▸ 11.9%
6.4% Education +2.6 pts ▸ 9.0%
3.8% Food, hospitality & personal services +2.5 pts ▸ 6.3%
4.6% Architecture & building +1.0 pts ▸ 5.6%
5.5% Information technology ◂ +3.7 pts 1.8%
4.9% Creative arts ◂ +2.4 pts 2.5%
3.5% Natural & physical sciences ◂ +1.7 pts 1.8%
0.9% Agriculture & environment +1.2 pts ▸ 2.2%

Income

Personal income in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +$145 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$898 76th pct $753 60th pct
Household income in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +$641 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,122 87th pct $1,481 53rd pct
Family income in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +$517 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,412 90th pct $1,895 63rd pct
High earners in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +7.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
16.5% 88th pct 8.7% 55th pct
High-income homes in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +15.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
31.2% 92nd pct 16.0% 54th pct

Household income distribution

29.2% $1,500–$2,999 +0.9 pts ▸ 30.1%
21.1% $650–$1,499 +8.5 pts ▸ 29.5%
19.3% $4,000 or more ◂ +12.2 pts 7.1%
12.9% Under $650 +4.8 pts ▸ 17.7%
11.9% $3,000–$3,999 ◂ +3.0 pts 8.8%

Personal income distribution

36.9% Under $650 +4.4 pts ▸ 41.3%
29.2% $650–$1,499 +4.9 pts ▸ 34.1%
20.0% $1,500–$2,999 ◂ +4.4 pts 15.6%
7.4% $3,000 or more ◂ +4.8 pts 2.6%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +11.7 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999
22.6% 21st pct 34.3% 78th pct
Mental health in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +6.2 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999
6.2% 18th pct 12.4% 87th pct
Needs assistance in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +2.1 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
5.0% 36th pct 7.2% 77th pct

Long-term health conditions reported

6.2% Mental health +6.2 pts ▸ 12.4%
6.3% Arthritis +4.8 pts ▸ 11.1%
6.5% Asthma +3.9 pts ▸ 10.4%
7.2% Other condition +1.7 pts ▸ 8.9%
4.5% Diabetes +0.8 pts ▸ 5.3%
3.2% Heart disease +1.7 pts ▸ 4.9%
2.3% Cancer +1.0 pts ▸ 3.3%
1.1% Lung condition +1.4 pts ▸ 2.5%
0.7% Stroke +0.5 pts ▸ 1.2%
0.7% Dementia +0.2 pts ▸ 0.9%

Number of long-term health conditions

70.1% None ◂ +12.4 pts 57.7%
16.1% One condition +6.1 pts ▸ 22.2%
4.4% Two conditions +3.4 pts ▸ 7.7%
2.1% Three or more +2.3 pts ▸ 4.3%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +1.6 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap steady
11.5% 20th pct 13.1% 26th pct
Unpaid carers in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +2.7 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
10.4% 27th pct 13.2% 68th pct
Unpaid child care in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +3.6 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap steady
25.1% 49th pct 28.6% 86th pct
Defence service in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +2.3 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999
1.5% 5th pct 3.8% 63rd pct
Housework 15h+ in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +1.7 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap narrowing
19.9% 34th pct 21.6% 52nd pct

Family & Households

Household size in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +0.2 larger in 1 million or more gap steady
2.7 86th pct 2.5 57th pct
One-parent in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4.9 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
12.8% 19th pct 17.8% 71st pct
Living alone in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4.8 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
23.0% 18th pct 27.8% 47th pct

Family composition

63.1% Couples with children ◂ +9.4 pts 53.7%
22.8% Couples without children +4.7 pts ▸ 27.5%
12.8% One-parent families +4.9 pts ▸ 17.8%
1.2% Other families ◂ +0.1 pts 1.1%

Household size

30.3% 2 people +3.9 pts ▸ 34.2%
23.0% 1 person +4.8 pts ▸ 27.8%
17.6% 4 people ◂ +3.7 pts 13.9%
17.5% 3 people ◂ +2.3 pts 15.2%
7.4% 5 people ◂ +1.3 pts 6.0%
4.2% 6 or more ◂ +1.4 pts 2.8%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +$135 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$475 100th pct $340 82nd pct
Mortgage in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +$769 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$2,500 100th pct $1,731 75th pct
People / bedroom in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +0.20 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
1.00 89th pct 0.80 43rd pct
Renting in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
37.3% 84th pct 32.5% 71st pct
Owned outright in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +3.7 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
26.8% 18th pct 30.5% 33rd pct
Separate houses in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +27.4 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
52.5% 0th pct 79.9% 26th pct
3+ bedrooms in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +15.4 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap widening
62.3% 4th pct 77.7% 54th pct

How homes are owned or rented

37.3% Rented ◂ +4.8 pts 32.5%
33.0% Owned with a mortgage +0.5 pts ▸ 33.5%
26.8% Owned outright +3.7 pts ▸ 30.5%
1.6% Other tenure +0.5 pts ▸ 2.1%
1.3% Not stated +0.1 pts ▸ 1.4%

Types of homes

52.5% Separate house +27.4 pts ▸ 79.9%
33.6% Flat or apartment ◂ +28.2 pts 5.4%
13.2% Townhouse / semi-detached +0.5 pts ▸ 13.7%
0.4% Other dwelling +0.3 pts ▸ 0.7%

Bedrooms per home

30.2% 3 bedrooms +9.7 pts ▸ 40.0%
23.3% 4 bedrooms +8.9 pts ▸ 32.2%
26.8% 2 bedrooms ◂ +9.5 pts 17.3%
8.8% 5 or more ◂ +3.2 pts 5.6%
8.7% 1 bedroom ◂ +5.3 pts 3.4%
0.9% Studio / none ◂ +0.7 pts 0.3%

Weekly rent distribution

42.3% $350–$549 ◂ +0.1 pts 42.2%
12.0% $200–$349 +24.2 pts ▸ 36.2%
22.9% $550–$749 ◂ +18.8 pts 4.1%
8.1% Under $200 +5.5 pts ▸ 13.5%
11.5% $750 or more ◂ +11.1 pts 0.4%

Monthly mortgage distribution

15.5% $1,000–$1,799 +22.8 pts ▸ 38.3%
35.4% $3,000 or more ◂ +27.1 pts 8.2%
32.0% $1,800–$2,999 +0.6 pts ▸ 32.6%
10.6% Under $1,000 +5.4 pts ▸ 15.9%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +5.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
11.9% 88th pct 6.2% 58th pct
Work from home in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +27.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
40.2% 100th pct 12.7% 71st pct
PT commute in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +3.5 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
4.1% 82nd pct 0.6% 20th pct

How people get to work

32.7% Car (driver) +31.5 pts ▸ 64.2%
40.2% Worked at home ◂ +27.5 pts 12.7%
2.6% Car (passenger) +1.8 pts ▸ 4.4%
2.7% Train ◂ +2.5 pts 0.2%
2.4% Walked ◂ +0.6 pts 1.8%
1.3% Bus ◂ +0.9 pts 0.4%
0.4% Bicycle +0.1 pts ▸ 0.5%

Motor vehicles per home

40.7% 1 vehicle ◂ +3.8 pts 36.9%
32.4% 2 vehicles +5.9 pts ▸ 38.3%
9.7% 3 vehicles +2.6 pts ▸ 12.2%
11.9% No vehicle ◂ +5.7 pts 6.2%
5.3% 4 or more +1.1 pts ▸ 6.3%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +0.8 pts higher in 50,000 to 99,999 gap steady
41.6% 69th pct 42.5% 73rd pct
Recent arrivals in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +0.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
15.7% 69th pct 14.9% 65th pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +0.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
5.2% 52nd pct 5.0% 48th pct
Participation in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +0.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
60.3% 71st pct 60.1% 70th pct
Full-time in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +1.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
59.1% 64th pct 57.8% 54th pct

Industries people work in

13.2% Health care & social assistance +4.8 pts ▸ 18.0%
11.5% Professional & technical ◂ +7.0 pts 4.5%
8.7% Retail trade +2.0 pts ▸ 10.7%
7.6% Construction +1.6 pts ▸ 9.3%
8.5% Education & training +0.3 pts ▸ 8.7%
5.4% Accommodation & food +2.4 pts ▸ 7.8%
7.4% Finance & insurance ◂ +5.4 pts 2.0%
5.4% Public administration & safety +1.1 pts ▸ 6.5%
5.3% Manufacturing +1.1 pts ▸ 6.4%
5.2% Transport & warehousing ◂ +1.1 pts 4.1%
3.1% Other services +1.0 pts ▸ 4.1%
3.2% Administrative & support +0.4 pts ▸ 3.6%

Occupations people work in

30.3% Professionals ◂ +11.9 pts 18.5%
15.3% Managers ◂ +4.8 pts 10.5%
9.9% Technicians & trades +5.0 pts ▸ 14.9%
9.0% Community & personal service +5.0 pts ▸ 14.0%
13.8% Clerical & administrative ◂ +1.4 pts 12.3%
6.5% Labourers +4.4 pts ▸ 10.8%
7.7% Sales workers +2.0 pts ▸ 9.6%
5.5% Machinery operators & drivers +2.1 pts ▸ 7.6%

Walkability

Walk score in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +2.0 higher in 1 million or more
7.6 100th pct 5.6 77th pct
Types ≤15 min in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +1.6 more in 1 million or more
7.0 100th pct 5.3 73rd pct
15-min city in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +28.3 pts higher in 1 million or more
88.4% 100th pct 60.1% 66th pct
Walk to shops in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +26.4 pts higher in 1 million or more
84.6% 99th pct 58.2% 57th pct
Walk to transit in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +9.6 pts higher in 1 million or more
97.8% 100th pct 88.3% 78th pct
Walk to school in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +20.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
92.4% 100th pct 72.4% 78th pct
Walk to a park in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +4.9 pts higher in 1 million or more
98.7% 95th pct 93.8% 72nd pct
Walk to health in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +27.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
73.3% 99th pct 45.6% 60th pct
Amenities/1k in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +7.8 more in 50,000 to 99,999
12.9 15th pct 20.7 68th pct
Intersections/km² in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +69 higher in 1 million or more
156 92nd pct 87 80th pct
Mean slope in 1 million or morein 50,000 to 99,999 +1.4 pts higher in 1 million or more
7.0% 86th pct 5.6% 58th pct

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

250,000 to 999,999 20,000 to 49,999 50,000 to 99,999 499 or less 500 or more 499 or less 250,000 to 999,999 Remainder of State/Territory 5,000 to 9,999 10,000 to 19,999 4,999 or less 50,000 to 99,999

Compare 50,000 to 99,999 with nearby areas

499 or less 500 or more 250,000 to 999,999 1 million or more 10,000 to 19,999 20,000 to 49,999 5,000 to 9,999 499 or less 250,000 to 999,999 Remainder of State/Territory 4,999 or less 250,000 to 999,999

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 1 million or more vs 50,000 to 99,999 [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR101/1-million-or-more/vs/SOSR111/50-000-to-99-999