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4,999 or less vs 1 million or more

Section of State Range comparison ≈ 606 km apart · 4,999 or less profile · 1 million or more profile

4,999 or less 1 million or more

1 million or more and 4,999 or less are very different places. 1 million or more is much more diverse, with 28.9% of people born overseas and 23.1% using another language at home, compared to 11.5% and 4.9% in 4,999 or less. Education levels are also far higher in 1 million or more, where 59.6% finished Year 12 and 26.4% hold a bachelor degree or higher, while those figures are 43.6% and 16.1% in 4,999 or less. These differences are reflected in the housing and layout; 4,999 or less has a much higher share of separate houses (92.6% versus 73.1%) and a typical resident who is noticeably older at 45 compared to 39.

Both areas sit close to the national figure for the share of households that rent. Beyond this similarity, the gaps between the two are often widening. Since 2011, 1 million or more has become even more diverse and highly qualified compared to 4,999 or less. The contrast in lifestyle has also grown, with 4,999 or less seeing a rise in people working from home and a higher share of homes owned outright.

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Where they differ most

Population: 1,020,330 larger in 1 million or more Separate houses: 19.5 pts higher in 4,999 or less Other language: 18.2 pts higher in 1 million or more Born overseas: 17.4 pts higher in 1 million or more PT commute: 4.7 pts higher in 1 million or more

Demographics & Identity

Population in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1,020,330 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
224,681 75th pct 1,245,011 89th pct
Median age in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +6 yrs older in 4,999 or less gap widening
45 yrs 71st pct 39 yrs 29th pct
First Nations in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
1.9% 15th pct 1.7% 13th pct
Aged 65+ in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +6.2 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
24.7% 85th pct 18.6% 45th pct
Under 15 in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.8 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
17.8% 52nd pct 17.0% 39th pct
De facto in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +2.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
13.3% 64th pct 10.7% 7th pct

Age structure

22.1% Young adults (25–44) +5.7 pts ▸ 27.8%
26.0% Older adults (45–64) ◂ +1.6 pts 24.4%
24.7% Seniors (65+) ◂ +6.2 pts 18.6%
17.8% Children (0–14) ◂ +0.8 pts 17.0%
9.4% Youth (15–24) +2.8 pts ▸ 12.3%

Marital status

46.3% Married ◂ +1.2 pts 45.1%
32.2% Never married +4.7 pts ▸ 36.9%
10.5% Divorced ◂ +1.2 pts 9.4%
7.2% Widowed ◂ +1.7 pts 5.5%
3.7% Separated ◂ +0.6 pts 3.1%

Age & sex structure

4,999 or less 1 million or more

Bars show the share of each area's own population, so differently sized areas stay comparable.

Ancestry & Birthplace

Born overseas in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +17.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
11.5% 29th pct 28.9% 88th pct

Country of birth

81.5% Australia ◂ +14.0 pts 67.5%
3.4% England +2.1 pts ▸ 5.4%
0.5% India +2.9 pts ▸ 3.4%
0.2% China +1.8 pts ▸ 2.0%
0.2% Vietnam +1.1 pts ▸ 1.3%
0.4% Italy +0.8 pts ▸ 1.2%
1.2% New Zealand ◂ +0.4 pts 0.7%
0.5% Philippines +0.5 pts ▸ 1.0%
0.1% Nepal +0.5 pts ▸ 0.6%
0.3% South Africa +0.2 pts ▸ 0.5%

Ancestry

42.2% English ◂ +6.6 pts 35.7%
41.0% Australian ◂ +11.8 pts 29.2%
12.8% Irish ◂ +5.3 pts 7.5%
11.6% Scottish ◂ +3.6 pts 7.9%
3.7% Italian +3.4 pts ▸ 7.1%
4.4% German +1.9 pts ▸ 6.3%
0.7% Chinese +3.7 pts ▸ 4.5%
0.6% Indian +2.7 pts ▸ 3.3%
0.6% Greek +2.3 pts ▸ 2.9%
2.5% Dutch ◂ +0.9 pts 1.6%
0.2% Vietnamese +1.5 pts ▸ 1.7%
0.6% Filipino +0.7 pts ▸ 1.4%

Language

Other language in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +18.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
4.9% 23rd pct 23.1% 84th pct
Limited English in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +2.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
0.8% 41st pct 3.5% 87th pct

Language used at home

88.7% English only ◂ +15.7 pts 73.0%
0.3% Mandarin +2.2 pts ▸ 2.5%
0.5% Italian +1.2 pts ▸ 1.7%
0.2% Vietnamese +1.5 pts ▸ 1.7%
0.2% Greek +1.4 pts ▸ 1.6%
0.3% Punjabi +1.2 pts ▸ 1.5%
0.1% Arabic +0.8 pts ▸ 0.9%
0.1% Cantonese +0.7 pts ▸ 0.8%
0.1% Hindi +0.7 pts ▸ 0.8%
0.1% Tagalog +0.3 pts ▸ 0.4%

Religion

No religion in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +3.8 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
48.1% 78th pct 44.2% 58th pct

Religious affiliation

48.1% No religion ◂ +3.8 pts 44.2%
41.6% Christianity ◂ +1.6 pts 40.0%
8.1% Not stated ◂ +2.7 pts 5.5%
0.4% Islam +2.7 pts ▸ 3.1%
0.4% Hinduism +2.6 pts ▸ 2.9%
0.8% Buddhism +1.6 pts ▸ 2.4%
0.6% Other religions +1.2 pts ▸ 1.8%
0.1% Judaism even 0.1%

Education & Qualifications

Year 12 in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +16.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
43.6% 54th pct 59.6% 90th pct
Bachelor+ in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +10.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
16.1% 64th pct 26.4% 90th pct

Highest year of school

43.6% Year 12 +16.0 pts ▸ 59.6%
18.8% Year 10 ◂ +6.3 pts 12.5%
15.6% Year 11 ◂ +1.1 pts 14.4%
13.7% Year 9 or below ◂ +5.0 pts 8.7%

Highest qualification level

35.2% Certificate III / IV ◂ +8.5 pts 26.7%
18.1% Bachelor degree +10.7 pts ▸ 28.8%
15.7% Advanced diploma / diploma ◂ +1.0 pts 14.7%
5.0% Postgraduate degree +5.6 pts ▸ 10.6%
4.2% Graduate diploma / certificate ◂ +0.2 pts 4.0%
2.1% Certificate I / II even 2.1%

Field of qualification

12.6% Management & commerce +6.9 pts ▸ 19.5%
14.6% Engineering & related ◂ +0.7 pts 13.9%
11.7% Society & culture +2.0 pts ▸ 13.7%
10.8% Health +1.7 pts ▸ 12.6%
9.9% Education ◂ +2.0 pts 7.9%
7.1% Architecture & building ◂ +2.4 pts 4.7%
5.9% Food, hospitality & personal services ◂ +0.9 pts 5.0%
2.9% Creative arts +0.8 pts ▸ 3.6%
3.6% Agriculture & environment ◂ +2.1 pts 1.5%
2.0% Natural & physical sciences +1.4 pts ▸ 3.4%
1.3% Information technology +2.0 pts ▸ 3.4%

Income

Personal income in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +$72 higher in 1 million or more gap steady
$685 41st pct $757 62nd pct
Household income in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +$216 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
$1,311 33rd pct $1,527 58th pct
Family income in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +$217 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$1,755 47th pct $1,972 70th pct
High earners in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +2.1 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
7.6% 43rd pct 9.7% 64th pct
High-income homes in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +4.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
13.3% 37th pct 17.9% 68th pct

Household income distribution

31.2% $650–$1,499 ◂ +2.4 pts 28.8%
27.1% $1,500–$2,999 +2.6 pts ▸ 29.7%
20.9% Under $650 ◂ +3.4 pts 17.5%
7.3% $3,000–$3,999 +1.8 pts ▸ 9.1%
6.1% $4,000 or more +2.8 pts ▸ 8.9%

Personal income distribution

43.9% Under $650 ◂ +1.7 pts 42.2%
31.6% $650–$1,499 +1.5 pts ▸ 33.1%
13.4% $1,500–$2,999 +2.9 pts ▸ 16.3%
2.6% $3,000 or more +0.8 pts ▸ 3.4%

Health & Disability

Health condition in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +4.5 pts higher in 4,999 or less
34.5% 82nd pct 30.0% 49th pct
Mental health in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.9 pts higher in 4,999 or less
10.7% 68th pct 9.8% 51st pct
Needs assistance in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
7.3% 81st pct 6.7% 63rd pct

Long-term health conditions reported

12.1% Arthritis ◂ +2.6 pts 9.4%
10.7% Mental health ◂ +0.9 pts 9.8%
10.0% Asthma ◂ +1.3 pts 8.6%
8.7% Other condition +0.2 pts ▸ 8.9%
5.6% Diabetes ◂ +0.1 pts 5.5%
5.6% Heart disease ◂ +1.2 pts 4.4%
3.9% Cancer ◂ +0.9 pts 3.1%
2.7% Lung condition ◂ +0.9 pts 1.8%
1.4% Stroke ◂ +0.4 pts 1.0%
1.0% Dementia even 1.0%

Number of long-term health conditions

56.6% None +7.3 pts ▸ 63.8%
22.0% One condition ◂ +2.1 pts 19.9%
7.9% Two conditions ◂ +1.4 pts 6.6%
4.6% Three or more ◂ +1.1 pts 3.6%

Community Participation

Volunteering in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +3.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap narrowing
18.6% 72nd pct 15.0% 43rd pct
Unpaid carers in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1.0 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
14.0% 92nd pct 13.0% 63rd pct
Unpaid child care in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1.3 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
25.6% 57th pct 26.8% 74th pct
Defence service in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.3 pts higher in 4,999 or less
3.3% 41st pct 3.0% 27th pct
Housework 15h+ in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +4.2 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
24.4% 81st pct 20.2% 37th pct

Family & Households

Household size in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.1 larger in 1 million or more gap widening
2.3 14th pct 2.4 43rd pct
One-parent in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
14.5% 34th pct 15.4% 45th pct
Living alone in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +2.3 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
30.7% 75th pct 28.4% 51st pct

Family composition

52.4% Couples with children +4.1 pts ▸ 56.5%
32.1% Couples without children ◂ +5.3 pts 26.8%
14.5% One-parent families +0.9 pts ▸ 15.4%
1.0% Other families +0.3 pts ▸ 1.3%

Household size

36.5% 2 people ◂ +3.2 pts 33.3%
30.7% 1 person ◂ +2.3 pts 28.4%
12.6% 3 people +3.2 pts ▸ 15.9%
12.4% 4 people +2.4 pts ▸ 14.7%
5.5% 5 people ◂ +0.2 pts 5.3%
2.3% 6 or more +0.1 pts ▸ 2.4%

Housing & Dwellings

Rent in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +$50 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$270 43rd pct $320 73rd pct
Mortgage in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +$92 higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
$1,460 40th pct $1,552 60th pct
People / bedroom in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.10 higher in 1 million or more gap widening
0.70 0th pct 0.80 43rd pct
Renting in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +10.4 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
19.3% 19th pct 29.7% 51st pct
Owned outright in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +10.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
41.1% 78th pct 30.5% 33rd pct
Separate houses in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +19.5 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
92.6% 71st pct 73.1% 14th pct
3+ bedrooms in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +4.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap steady
80.1% 72nd pct 75.7% 41st pct

How homes are owned or rented

41.1% Owned outright ◂ +10.6 pts 30.5%
36.1% Owned with a mortgage +0.1 pts ▸ 36.2%
19.3% Rented +10.4 pts ▸ 29.7%
1.4% Other tenure +1.0 pts ▸ 2.4%
2.1% Not stated ◂ +0.9 pts 1.2%

Types of homes

92.6% Separate house ◂ +19.5 pts 73.1%
4.8% Townhouse / semi-detached +12.7 pts ▸ 17.5%
1.5% Flat or apartment +7.5 pts ▸ 9.0%
0.9% Other dwelling ◂ +0.7 pts 0.2%

Bedrooms per home

49.9% 3 bedrooms +2.1 pts ▸ 52.0%
26.0% 4 bedrooms ◂ +6.1 pts 19.9%
14.8% 2 bedrooms +4.8 pts ▸ 19.6%
4.3% 5 or more ◂ +0.5 pts 3.8%
2.9% 1 bedroom +0.5 pts ▸ 3.5%
0.3% Studio / none ◂ +0.1 pts 0.2%

Weekly rent distribution

47.2% $200–$349 ◂ +5.9 pts 41.3%
23.0% $350–$549 +11.2 pts ▸ 34.2%
23.5% Under $200 ◂ +6.7 pts 16.8%
1.5% $550–$749 +2.1 pts ▸ 3.6%
0.6% $750 or more +0.4 pts ▸ 1.0%

Monthly mortgage distribution

37.0% $1,000–$1,799 +2.6 pts ▸ 39.5%
24.3% $1,800–$2,999 +1.7 pts ▸ 26.1%
25.4% Under $1,000 ◂ +5.9 pts 19.5%
7.2% $3,000 or more +2.9 pts ▸ 10.0%

Transport & Vehicles

No car in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +3.8 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
4.3% 27th pct 8.1% 86th pct
Work from home in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +4.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less gap widening
14.3% 78th pct 9.5% 59th pct
PT commute in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +4.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
0.6% 21st pct 5.3% 89th pct

How people get to work

62.1% Car (driver) +1.0 pts ▸ 63.0%
14.3% Worked at home ◂ +4.7 pts 9.5%
3.9% Car (passenger) +0.4 pts ▸ 4.3%
0.3% Bus +3.7 pts ▸ 4.0%
3.6% Walked ◂ +1.7 pts 1.9%
0.5% Bicycle +0.6 pts ▸ 1.1%
0.3% Train +0.6 pts ▸ 0.9%

Motor vehicles per home

39.3% 2 vehicles ◂ +2.7 pts 36.6%
34.7% 1 vehicle +3.4 pts ▸ 38.2%
14.0% 3 vehicles ◂ +2.7 pts 11.3%
4.3% No vehicle +3.8 pts ▸ 8.1%
7.7% 4 or more ◂ +1.8 pts 5.8%

Migration & Movement

Recent movers in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1.6 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
36.8% 38th pct 38.4% 44th pct
Recent arrivals in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +7.9 pts higher in 1 million or more gap narrowing
8.4% 30th pct 16.3% 72nd pct

Jobs & Industry

Unemployment in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1.7 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
3.9% 18th pct 5.7% 66th pct
Participation in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +7.0 pts higher in 1 million or more gap widening
54.5% 44th pct 61.5% 78th pct
Full-time in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +2.2 pts higher in 1 million or more gap steady
55.3% 33rd pct 57.5% 51st pct

Industries people work in

14.6% Health care & social assistance +2.8 pts ▸ 17.4%
12.0% Construction ◂ +3.8 pts 8.2%
9.5% Retail trade +0.3 pts ▸ 9.7%
8.6% Education & training +0.4 pts ▸ 9.0%
7.8% Manufacturing ◂ +1.1 pts 6.6%
4.4% Professional & technical +2.8 pts ▸ 7.2%
6.2% Public administration & safety +0.9 pts ▸ 7.1%
6.7% Accommodation & food even 6.7%
4.6% Agriculture, forestry & fishing ◂ +3.8 pts 0.9%
4.5% Transport & warehousing ◂ +0.3 pts 4.2%
4.0% Other services even 4.0%
3.0% Administrative & support +0.9 pts ▸ 3.9%

Occupations people work in

16.8% Professionals +7.2 pts ▸ 23.9%
16.7% Technicians & trades ◂ +4.0 pts 12.7%
12.9% Community & personal service +0.4 pts ▸ 13.3%
11.1% Clerical & administrative +2.1 pts ▸ 13.2%
12.6% Managers ◂ +0.8 pts 11.8%
12.3% Labourers ◂ +3.0 pts 9.3%
8.4% Sales workers +0.1 pts ▸ 8.5%
7.3% Machinery operators & drivers ◂ +1.8 pts 5.5%

Walkability

Walk score in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1.9 higher in 1 million or more
5.1 63rd pct 7.0 97th pct
Types ≤15 min in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +1.3 more in 1 million or more
5.4 75th pct 6.7 99th pct
15-min city in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +20.6 pts higher in 1 million or more
65.6% 79th pct 86.2% 100th pct
Walk to shops in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +13.6 pts higher in 1 million or more
68.2% 80th pct 81.8% 97th pct
Walk to transit in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +40.7 pts higher in 1 million or more
56.6% 49th pct 97.3% 99th pct
Walk to school in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +19.0 pts higher in 1 million or more
68.0% 66th pct 87.0% 98th pct
Walk to a park in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +9.4 pts higher in 1 million or more
89.8% 57th pct 99.2% 98th pct
Walk to health in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +15.2 pts higher in 1 million or more
52.4% 79th pct 67.7% 94th pct
Amenities/1k in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +3.6 more in 4,999 or less
18.0 57th pct 14.5 30th pct
Intersections/km² in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +133 higher in 1 million or more
47 59th pct 181 95th pct
Mean slope in 4,999 or lessin 1 million or more +0.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less
5.1% 47th pct 4.5% 32nd pct

Compare 4,999 or less with nearby areas

5,000 to 9,999 1 million or more 100,000 to 249,999 20,000 to 49,999 Remainder of State/Territory 500 or more 10,000 to 19,999 499 or less 50,000 to 99,999 20,000 to 49,999 10,000 to 19,999 4,999 or less

Compare 1 million or more with nearby areas

10,000 to 19,999 20,000 to 49,999 5,000 to 9,999 500 or more 499 or less Remainder of State/Territory 100,000 to 249,999 Remainder of State/Territory 4,999 or less Remainder of State/Territory 5,000 to 9,999 20,000 to 49,999

Cite this page

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2021). 4,999 or less vs 1 million or more [Census of Population and Housing]. CensusAtlas, used under CC BY 4.0. https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR215/4-999-or-less/vs/SOSR401/1-million-or-more