# 10,000 to 19,999 vs 4,999 or less — 2021 Census comparison

Section of State Range comparison · about 1,653 km apart

These two far-apart areas differ sharply in their makeup. 10,000 to 19,999 has a much higher Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population at 12.6%, compared to just 0.7% in 4,999 or less. In contrast, 4,999 or less is far more linguistically diverse, with 48.8% of people using a language other than English at home and 31.8% born overseas, compared to 10.7% and 21.1% in 10,000 to 19,999. Housing also differs; 80.9% of homes in 10,000 to 19,999 are separate houses, while 4,999 or less has many more flats or apartments.

Everyday life shares some common ground, as both areas have almost identical typical family incomes and similar shares of renters. Both also have a similar number of people per home and nearly the same amount of people working from home. Over time, the gap in overseas births has narrowed, though the difference in the share of people who claim no religion has widened since 2011.

## Where they differ most

- Other language: 38.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less
- Separate houses: 35.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999
- No religion: 25.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999
- Population: 66,837 larger in 10,000 to 19,999
- 3+ bedrooms: 22.8 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999

## Demographics & Identity

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Population | 68,192 | 1,355 | 66,837 larger in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap widening |
| Median age | 34 yrs | 39 yrs | 5 yrs older in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |
| First Nations | 12.6% | 0.7% | 11.8 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap widening |
| Aged 65+ | 8.5% | 14.5% | 6.0 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap widening |
| Under 15 | 24.1% | 20.3% | 3.8 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap steady |
| De facto | 19.8% | 11.5% | 8.3 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |

### Age structure

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Young adults (25–44) | 33.3% | 30.2% | +3.1 |
| Older adults (45–64) | 23.4% | 28.1% | -4.7 |
| Children (0–14) | 24.1% | 20.3% | +3.8 |
| Seniors (65+) | 8.5% | 14.5% | -6.0 |
| Youth (15–24) | 10.7% | 7.1% | +3.6 |

### Marital status

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Married | 42.1% | 54.0% | -11.9 |
| Never married | 43.3% | 31.7% | +11.7 |
| Divorced | 7.9% | 8.7% | -0.7 |
| Separated | 3.7% | 3.4% | +0.4 |
| Widowed | 2.9% | 2.3% | +0.5 |

### Age profile

Share of each region's population by age band and sex.

| Age band | 10,000 to 19,999 male | 10,000 to 19,999 female | 4,999 or less male | 4,999 or less female |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0–4 | 4.2% | 3.8% | 3.1% | 2.7% |
| 5–9 | 4.3% | 4.2% | 3.9% | 3.5% |
| 10–14 | 3.8% | 3.7% | 3.6% | 3.2% |
| 15–19 | 3.0% | 2.7% | 1.7% | 2.5% |
| 20–24 | 2.6% | 2.5% | 2.0% | 1.4% |
| 25–29 | 3.5% | 4.0% | 3.2% | 3.2% |
| 30–34 | 4.4% | 4.9% | 5.1% | 3.5% |
| 35–39 | 4.5% | 4.7% | 3.9% | 4.7% |
| 40–44 | 3.8% | 3.6% | 2.6% | 3.6% |
| 45–49 | 3.6% | 3.3% | 4.1% | 3.1% |
| 50–54 | 3.3% | 3.0% | 4.7% | 4.0% |
| 55–59 | 3.0% | 2.6% | 4.2% | 3.3% |
| 60–64 | 2.4% | 2.1% | 3.0% | 2.9% |
| 65–69 | 1.5% | 1.5% | 3.6% | 2.2% |
| 70–74 | 1.1% | 1.1% | 3.9% | 0.9% |
| 75–79 | 0.7% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.4% |
| 80–84 | 0.5% | 0.5% | 0.7% | 0.4% |
| 85+ | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.0% |

## Ancestry & Birthplace

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Born overseas | 21.1% | 31.8% | 10.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |

### Country of birth

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Australia | 66.4% | 49.3% | +17.1 |
| England | 5.1% | 1.6% | +3.5 |
| New Zealand | 3.9% | 1.3% | +2.6 |
| Philippines | 1.8% | 1.3% | +0.5 |
| South Africa | 1.4% | 0.7% | +0.7 |
| India | 0.9% | 0.4% | +0.5 |
| China | 0.3% | 0.6% | -0.2 |
| Vietnam | 0.2% | 0.4% | -0.2 |
| Italy | 0.1% | 0.0% | +0.1 |
| Nepal | 0.1% | 0.0% | +0.1 |

### Ancestry

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| English | 34.6% | 14.5% | +20.1 |
| Australian | 32.6% | 21.1% | +11.5 |
| Chinese | 1.3% | 21.8% | -20.5 |
| Irish | 8.3% | 3.8% | +4.5 |
| Scottish | 8.2% | 3.1% | +5.1 |
| German | 3.3% | 1.8% | +1.4 |
| Italian | 2.8% | 0.5% | +2.3 |
| Filipino | 2.2% | 1.4% | +0.8 |
| Dutch | 1.6% | 1.4% | +0.2 |
| Indian | 1.2% | 1.1% | +0.1 |
| Vietnamese | 0.2% | 0.5% | -0.3 |
| Greek | 0.3% | 0.0% | +0.3 |

## Language

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Other language | 10.7% | 48.8% | 38.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |
| Limited English | 0.8% | 11.7% | 10.9 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |

### Language used at home

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| English only | 76.2% | 34.0% | +42.2 |
| Mandarin | 0.5% | 12.2% | -11.7 |
| Cantonese | 0.2% | 4.0% | -3.8 |
| Tagalog | 0.8% | 0.3% | +0.5 |
| Vietnamese | 0.2% | 0.5% | -0.3 |
| Punjabi | 0.2% | 0.3% | -0.1 |
| Hindi | 0.2% | 0.3% | -0.1 |
| Italian | 0.2% | 0.0% | +0.2 |
| Arabic | 0.1% | 0.0% | +0.1 |
| Greek | 0.1% | 0.0% | +0.1 |

## Religion

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| No religion | 48.1% | 23.1% | 25.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap widening |

### Religious affiliation

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| No religion | 48.1% | 23.1% | +25.0 |
| Christianity | 33.7% | 15.6% | +18.1 |
| Islam | 1.3% | 27.6% | -26.3 |
| Not stated | 14.3% | 18.0% | -3.8 |
| Buddhism | 1.3% | 13.9% | -12.7 |
| Hinduism | 0.9% | 0.2% | +0.7 |
| Other religions | 0.5% | 0.6% | -0.1 |
| Judaism | 0.1% | 0.0% | +0.1 |

## Education & Qualifications

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year 12 | 48.5% | 46.6% | 1.9 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap steady |
| Bachelor+ | 15.4% | 13.5% | 1.9 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap steady |

### Highest year of school

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year 12 | 48.5% | 46.6% | +1.9 |
| Year 10 | 20.1% | 14.6% | +5.5 |
| Year 11 | 11.1% | 5.8% | +5.3 |
| Year 9 or below | 5.8% | 11.0% | -5.2 |

### Highest qualification level

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Certificate III / IV | 34.3% | 27.9% | +6.4 |
| Bachelor degree | 16.7% | 13.0% | +3.7 |
| Advanced diploma / diploma | 12.5% | 11.1% | +1.4 |
| Certificate I / II | 3.1% | 4.9% | -1.8 |
| Postgraduate degree | 3.7% | 4.1% | -0.3 |
| Graduate diploma / certificate | 3.0% | 3.4% | -0.4 |

### Field of qualification

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Engineering & related | 19.3% | 18.0% | +1.3 |
| Management & commerce | 13.4% | 12.3% | +1.1 |
| Health | 8.6% | 5.1% | +3.5 |
| Society & culture | 8.2% | 6.6% | +1.6 |
| Education | 7.7% | 6.5% | +1.3 |
| Architecture & building | 5.5% | 4.5% | +0.9 |
| Food, hospitality & personal services | 5.1% | 4.5% | +0.6 |
| Natural & physical sciences | 1.5% | 3.5% | -2.0 |
| Agriculture & environment | 2.1% | 1.8% | +0.3 |
| Creative arts | 2.1% | 1.3% | +0.8 |
| Information technology | 1.0% | 1.1% | -0.1 |

## Income

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal income | $1,165 | $1,251 | $86 higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |
| Household income | $2,305 | $2,113 | $192 higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| Family income | $2,711 | $2,656 | $55 higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| High earners | 20.7% | 16.7% | 4.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| High-income homes | 31.8% | 28.4% | 3.5 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |

### Household income distribution

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| $1,500–$2,999 | 29.3% | 36.1% | -6.7 |
| $4,000 or more | 17.9% | 14.7% | +3.3 |
| $650–$1,499 | 16.2% | 17.1% | -0.8 |
| $3,000–$3,999 | 13.9% | 13.7% | +0.2 |
| Under $650 | 10.2% | 11.3% | -1.1 |

### Personal income distribution

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| $1,500–$2,999 | 25.0% | 28.5% | -3.5 |
| Under $650 | 26.9% | 22.4% | +4.4 |
| $650–$1,499 | 25.1% | 25.5% | -0.4 |
| $3,000 or more | 8.4% | 4.2% | +4.3 |

## Health & Disability

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Health condition | 19.8% | 15.4% | 4.4 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Mental health | 6.3% | 2.8% | 3.5 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Needs assistance | 3.0% | 2.0% | 1.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap steady |

### Long-term health conditions reported

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Asthma | 6.5% | 6.1% | +0.4 |
| Mental health | 6.3% | 2.8% | +3.5 |
| Other condition | 5.2% | 4.6% | +0.7 |
| Arthritis | 4.6% | 2.2% | +2.4 |
| Diabetes | 3.3% | 3.8% | -0.5 |
| Heart disease | 2.3% | 1.6% | +0.6 |
| Cancer | 1.7% | 1.0% | +0.7 |
| Lung condition | 1.1% | 0.4% | +0.6 |
| Stroke | 0.5% | 0.4% | +0.1 |
| Dementia | 0.4% | 0.0% | +0.4 |

### Number of long-term health conditions

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| None | 64.9% | 65.7% | -0.8 |
| One condition | 14.6% | 12.9% | +1.7 |
| Two conditions | 3.6% | 2.1% | +1.4 |
| Three or more | 1.6% | 0.8% | +0.8 |

## Community Participation

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Volunteering | 15.7% | 19.2% | 3.4 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |
| Unpaid carers | 7.6% | 6.6% | 1.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| Unpaid child care | 29.8% | 24.3% | 5.5 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| Defence service | 2.4% | 2.2% | 0.2 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Housework 15h+ | 17.3% | 16.7% | 0.6 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |

## Family & Households

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Household size | 2.6 | 2.5 | 0.1 larger in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| One-parent | 14.1% | 8.7% | 5.4 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap widening |
| Living alone | 24.6% | 29.3% | 4.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |

### Family composition

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Couples with children | 61.8% | 65.3% | -3.5 |
| Couples without children | 23.2% | 25.8% | -2.6 |
| One-parent families | 14.1% | 8.7% | +5.4 |
| Other families | 1.0% | 0.5% | +0.5 |

### Household size

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 people | 31.1% | 29.1% | +2.0 |
| 1 person | 24.6% | 29.3% | -4.7 |
| 4 people | 16.8% | 13.9% | +2.8 |
| 3 people | 16.0% | 14.4% | +1.5 |
| 5 people | 7.8% | 8.2% | -0.4 |
| 6 or more | 3.8% | 2.4% | +1.4 |

## Housing & Dwellings

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Rent | $300 | $150 | $150 higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap widening |
| Mortgage | $1,842 | $1,300 | $542 higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| People / bedroom | 0.80 | 1.00 | 0.20 higher in 4,999 or less | gap steady |
| Renting | 48.4% | 49.0% | 0.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |
| Owned outright | 15.1% | 26.0% | 10.8 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap narrowing |
| Separate houses | 80.9% | 45.9% | 35.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| 3+ bedrooms | 80.2% | 57.5% | 22.8 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |

### How homes are owned or rented

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Rented | 48.4% | 49.0% | -0.6 |
| Owned with a mortgage | 30.4% | 15.1% | +15.3 |
| Owned outright | 15.1% | 26.0% | -10.8 |
| Other tenure | 3.9% | 8.7% | -4.7 |
| Not stated | 2.1% | 2.2% | -0.1 |

### Types of homes

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Separate house | 80.9% | 45.9% | +35.0 |
| Flat or apartment | 4.4% | 30.5% | -26.1 |
| Townhouse / semi-detached | 12.6% | 22.8% | -10.2 |
| Other dwelling | 1.5% | 0.7% | +0.8 |

### Bedrooms per home

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 bedrooms | 39.2% | 48.8% | -9.6 |
| 4 bedrooms | 36.5% | 7.9% | +28.6 |
| 2 bedrooms | 11.7% | 28.1% | -16.5 |
| 1 bedroom | 5.5% | 13.2% | -7.7 |
| 5 or more | 4.5% | 0.7% | +3.8 |
| Studio / none | 0.7% | 0.0% | +0.7 |

### Weekly rent distribution

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Under $200 | 26.1% | 62.7% | -36.6 |
| $200–$349 | 28.2% | 18.6% | +9.5 |
| $350–$549 | 21.7% | 9.8% | +11.9 |
| $550–$749 | 9.2% | 1.5% | +7.7 |
| $750 or more | 7.0% | 0.0% | +7.0 |

### Monthly mortgage distribution

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| $1,000–$1,799 | 31.8% | 49.2% | -17.4 |
| $1,800–$2,999 | 35.5% | 23.8% | +11.7 |
| Under $1,000 | 12.9% | 28.6% | -15.7 |
| $3,000 or more | 14.1% | 0.0% | +14.1 |

## Transport & Vehicles

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| No car | 4.8% | 7.5% | 2.7 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap steady |
| Work from home | 3.9% | 2.9% | 1.0 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap steady |
| PT commute | 1.5% | 5.4% | 3.9 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap widening |

### How people get to work

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Car (driver) | 67.7% | 68.2% | -0.5 |
| Car (passenger) | 5.9% | 6.0% | -0.1 |
| Bus | 1.3% | 5.4% | -4.1 |
| Worked at home | 3.9% | 2.9% | +1.0 |
| Walked | 3.1% | 3.1% | +0.1 |
| Bicycle | 1.1% | 0.0% | +1.1 |
| Train | 0.2% | 0.0% | +0.2 |

### Motor vehicles per home

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 vehicles | 41.3% | 31.2% | +10.1 |
| 1 vehicle | 31.5% | 40.9% | -9.4 |
| 3 vehicles | 14.9% | 15.5% | -0.6 |
| No vehicle | 4.8% | 7.5% | -2.7 |
| 4 or more | 7.4% | 5.8% | +1.6 |

## Migration & Movement

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Recent movers | 49.0% | 28.7% | 20.3 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| Recent arrivals | 13.1% | 3.7% | 9.3 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |

## Jobs & Industry

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Unemployment | 3.8% | 1.7% | 2.1 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap steady |
| Participation | 66.5% | 64.7% | 1.8 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 | gap narrowing |
| Full-time | 67.4% | 69.0% | 1.5 pts higher in 4,999 or less | gap steady |

### Industries people work in

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Public administration & safety | 6.4% | 27.7% | -21.3 |
| Mining | 14.2% | 10.9% | +3.3 |
| Health care & social assistance | 11.8% | 3.5% | +8.3 |
| Construction | 9.2% | 8.6% | +0.6 |
| Education & training | 9.1% | 7.3% | +1.8 |
| Retail trade | 7.7% | 3.1% | +4.7 |
| Transport & warehousing | 7.1% | 5.8% | +1.3 |
| Administrative & support | 3.4% | 6.7% | -3.3 |
| Accommodation & food | 6.4% | 4.4% | +2.0 |
| Other services | 4.0% | 2.5% | +1.5 |
| Arts & recreation | 1.0% | 3.9% | -2.9 |
| Electricity, gas & water | 1.7% | 3.6% | -1.9 |

### Occupations people work in

| Category | 10,000 to 19,999 % | 4,999 or less % | Gap (pts) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Technicians & trades | 20.3% | 18.1% | +2.2 |
| Professionals | 15.9% | 13.3% | +2.7 |
| Community & personal service | 11.1% | 15.7% | -4.7 |
| Managers | 11.0% | 13.1% | -2.1 |
| Labourers | 10.2% | 13.1% | -2.9 |
| Clerical & administrative | 11.9% | 12.0% | -0.1 |
| Machinery operators & drivers | 10.4% | 10.3% | +0.0 |
| Sales workers | 6.9% | 1.5% | +5.5 |

## Walkability

| Statistic | 10,000 to 19,999 | 4,999 or less | Gap | Trend |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Walk score | 4.1 | 3.9 | 0.2 higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Types ≤15 min | 4.2 | 3.8 | 0.4 more in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| 15-min city | 41.9% | 28.2% | 13.7 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Walk to shops | 44.9% | 88.5% | 43.6 pts higher in 4,999 or less |  |
| Walk to transit | 61.1% | 0.0% | 61.1 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Walk to school | 69.0% | 11.3% | 57.7 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Walk to a park | 91.4% | 43.0% | 48.4 pts higher in 10,000 to 19,999 |  |
| Walk to health | 26.6% | 32.7% | 6.1 pts higher in 4,999 or less |  |
| Amenities/1k | 12.8 | 25.8 | 13.0 more in 4,999 or less |  |
| Intersections/km² | 32 | 35 | 3 higher in 4,999 or less |  |
| Mean slope | 3.4% | 15.8% | 12.3 pts higher in 4,999 or less |  |

Interactive comparison: https://censusatlas.au/compare/sosr/SOSR513/10-000-to-19-999/vs/SOSR915/4-999-or-less